Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
Nursing Department, Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep, Turkey.
Clin Nurs Res. 2021 Feb;30(2):127-134. doi: 10.1177/1054773818825486. Epub 2019 Jan 30.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of vapocoolant spray administration prior to subcutaneous (SC) low molecular weight heparin injection on local ecchymosis, hematoma, and pain. This randomized controlled study was carried out on 64 patients ( = 128 injections) in an orthopedics and traumatology clinic. After randomization, vapocoolant spray and then heparin injection was applied on one arm. The second necessary dose of heparin was applied to his or her other arm as a placebo by a water spray. Then, the pain of the patients was assessed. After 2 days, ecchymosis and hematoma were evaluated. Significant lower pain scores were determined in applications in which the vapocoolant spray was used. There was no statically significant difference between the mean diameter values of ecchymosis in both arm groups. There was no hematoma on the injection site after injections. However, this method did not create any significant reductive effect on ecchymosis. Nurses are advised to take advantage of vapocoolant spray effects prior to SC heparin injection.
本研究旨在评估在皮下（SC）低分子肝素注射前使用 vapocoolant 喷雾对局部瘀斑、血肿和疼痛的影响。这项随机对照研究在骨科和创伤科诊所对 64 名患者（= 128 次注射）进行。随机分组后，在一只手臂上使用 vapocoolant 喷雾，然后再注射肝素。通过水喷雾在另一只手臂上给予肝素的第二剂作为安慰剂。然后评估患者的疼痛。2 天后，评估瘀斑和血肿。在使用 vapocoolant 喷雾的应用中，疼痛评分显著较低。两组手臂的瘀斑平均直径值无统计学差异。注射部位无血肿。然而，这种方法对瘀斑没有明显的减少作用。建议护士在 SC 肝素注射前利用 vapocoolant 喷雾的效果。
