Al Mahri Saeed, Bouchama Abderrezak
Intensive Care Unit and Experimental Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Intensive Care Unit and Experimental Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Handb Clin Neurol. 2018;157:531-545. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-64074-1.00032-X.
Heatstroke is an acute medical emergency that is always fatal if left untreated. The diagnosis of heatstroke should be considered in any hyperthermic patient with altered mental status during a heat wave or following vigorous muscle exertion. Heat can damage the structure and function of essential macromolecules, including proteins, membrane lipids, and nucleic acids, and thereby lead to multiple-organ failure, culminating in death. The cytotoxic effect of heat is a function of degree and duration of hyperthermia; thus, an early diagnosis and prompt initiation of cooling are paramount to halt progression to tissue damage and death.
中暑是一种急性医疗急症，如果不治疗往往会致命。在热浪期间或剧烈肌肉运动后，任何精神状态改变的高热患者都应考虑中暑的诊断。热会损害包括蛋白质、膜脂和核酸在内的重要大分子的结构和功能，从而导致多器官功能衰竭，最终导致死亡。热的细胞毒性作用是体温过高程度和持续时间的函数；因此，早期诊断并迅速开始降温对于阻止病情发展为组织损伤和死亡至关重要。
