Giles Grace E, Eddy Marianna D, Brunyé Tad T, Urry Heather L, Graber Harry L, Barbour Randall L, Mahoney Caroline R, Taylor Holly A, Kanarek Robin B
Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States.
Cognitive Science Team, US Army Natick Soldier, Research, Development, and Engineering Center (NSRDEC), Natick, MA, United States.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2018 Oct 16;12:398. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2018.00398. eCollection 2018.
Acute exercise consistently benefits both emotion and cognition, particularly cognitive control. We evaluated acute endurance exercise influences on emotion, domain-general cognitive control and the cognitive control of emotion, specifically cognitive reappraisal. Thirty-six endurance runners, defined as running at least 30 miles per week with one weekly run of at least 9 miles (21 female, age 18-30 years) participated. In a repeated measures design, participants walked at 57% age-adjusted maximum heart rate (HR; range 51%-63%) and ran at 70% HR (range 64%-76%) for 90 min on two separate days. Participants completed measures of emotional state and the Stroop test of domain-general cognitive control before, every 30 min during and 30 min after exercise. Participants also completed a cognitive reappraisal task (CRT) after exercise. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) tracked changes in oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin (OHb and dHb) levels in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Results suggest that even at relatively moderate intensities, endurance athletes benefit emotionally from running both during and after exercise and task-related PFC oxygenation reductions do not appear to hinder prefrontal-dependent cognitive control.
急性运动始终有益于情绪和认知，尤其是认知控制。我们评估了急性耐力运动对情绪、一般领域认知控制以及情绪的认知控制（特别是认知重评）的影响。三十六名耐力跑者参与其中，他们被定义为每周至少跑30英里，且每周有一次至少9英里的跑步（21名女性，年龄18 - 30岁）。在重复测量设计中，参与者在两个不同的日子里，以年龄校正后最大心率的57%（心率范围51% - 63%）步行90分钟，并以心率的70%（心率范围64% - 76%）跑步90分钟。参与者在运动前、运动期间每30分钟以及运动后30分钟完成情绪状态测量和一般领域认知控制的斯特鲁普测试。参与者在运动后还完成了一项认知重评任务（CRT）。功能性近红外光谱（fNIRS）追踪前额叶皮层（PFC）中氧合血红蛋白和脱氧血红蛋白（OHb和dHb）水平的变化。结果表明，即使在相对中等强度下，耐力运动员在运动期间和运动后都能从跑步中获得情绪上的益处，并且与任务相关的PFC氧合减少似乎并未阻碍前额叶依赖的认知控制。
