Moriarty Terence, Bourbeau Kelsey, Bellovary Bryanne, Zuhl Micah N
Department of Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
Department of Kinesiology, University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, IA 50614, USA.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2019 Jul 26;9(8):83. doi: 10.3390/bs9080083.
Activation changes in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) regions have been linked to acute exercise-induced improvements in cognitive performance. The type of exercise performed may influence PFC activation, and further impact cognitive function. The present study aimed to compare PFC activation during cognitive testing after moderate-intensity, high intensity, and yoga exercises, and to determine if PFC activation is linked to cognitive performance. Eight subjects (four male and four female), aged 35 ± 5 completed a control, high intensity, moderate intensity, and yoga exercises followed by administration of a cognitive task (NIH Toolbox Fluid Cognition). Left and right PFC activation (LPFC and RPFC, respectively) were evaluated by measuring hemoglobin difference (Hbdiff) changes during post-exercise cognitive assessment using functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Activation during the cognitive test was higher in the LPFC after moderate intensity exercise compared to control, high intensity, and yoga (5.30 ± 6.65 vs. 2.26 ± 2.40, 2.50 ± 1.48, 2.41 ± 2.36 μM, < 0.05, respectively). A negative relationship was detected between LPFC and processing speed after exercise. PFC activation did not align with cognitive performance. However, acute exercise, regardless of type, appeared to alter neural processing. Specifically, less PFC activation was required for a given neural output after exercise.
前额叶皮层（PFC）区域的激活变化与急性运动引起的认知表现改善有关。所进行的运动类型可能会影响PFC的激活，并进一步影响认知功能。本研究旨在比较中等强度、高强度和瑜伽运动后认知测试期间的PFC激活情况，并确定PFC激活是否与认知表现相关。八名受试者（四名男性和四名女性），年龄35±5岁，完成了对照、高强度、中等强度和瑜伽运动，随后进行了一项认知任务（美国国立卫生研究院工具箱流体认知测试）。在运动后认知评估期间，使用功能性近红外光谱（fNIRS）测量血红蛋白差异（Hbdiff）变化，以评估左、右PFC激活（分别为LPFC和RPFC）。与对照、高强度和瑜伽运动相比，中等强度运动后LPFC在认知测试期间的激活更高（分别为5.30±6.65 vs. 2.26±2.40、2.50±1.48、2.41±2.36 μM，P<0.05）。运动后LPFC与处理速度之间存在负相关关系。PFC激活与认知表现不一致。然而，无论运动类型如何，急性运动似乎都会改变神经处理过程。具体而言，运动后对于给定的神经输出，所需的PFC激活较少。
