Pappas Maria L, Liapoura Maria, Papantoniou Dimitra, Avramidou Marianna, Kavroulakis Nektarios, Weinhold Alexander, Broufas George D, Papadopoulou Kalliope K
Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology and Zoology, Department of Agricultural Development, Democritus University of Thrace, Orestiada, Greece.
Laboratory of Plant and Environmental Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
Front Plant Sci. 2018 Nov 6;9:1603. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01603. eCollection 2018.
Beneficial microorganisms are known to promote plant growth and confer resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors. Soil-borne beneficial microbes in particular have shown potential in protecting plants against pathogens and herbivores via the elicitation of plant responses. In this study, we evaluated the role of strain K (FsK) in altering plant responses to the two spotted spider mite in tomato. We found evidence that FsK, a beneficial endophytic fungal strain isolated from the roots of tomato plants grown on suppressive compost, affects both direct and indirect tomato defenses against spider mites. Defense-related genes were differentially expressed on FsK-colonized plants after spider mite infestation compared to clean or spider mite-infested un-colonized plants. In accordance, spider mite performance was negatively affected on FsK-colonized plants and feeding damage was lower on these compared to control plants. Notably, FsK-colonization led to increased plant biomass to both spider mite-infested and un-infested plants. FsK was shown to enhance indirect tomato defense as FsK-colonized plants attracted more predators than un-colonized plants. In accordance, headspace volatile analysis revealed significant differences between the volatiles emitted by FsK-colonized plants in response to attack by spider mites. Our results highlight the role of endophytic fungi in shaping plant-mite interactions and may offer the opportunity for the development of a novel tool for spider mite control.
已知有益微生物可促进植物生长，并赋予植物对生物和非生物胁迫的抗性。特别是土壤传播的有益微生物已显示出通过引发植物反应来保护植物免受病原体和食草动物侵害的潜力。在本研究中，我们评估了菌株K（FsK）在改变番茄对二斑叶螨的反应中的作用。我们发现有证据表明，FsK是一种从生长在抑制性堆肥上的番茄植株根部分离出的有益内生真菌菌株，它会影响番茄对叶螨的直接和间接防御。与未受侵染的清洁植株或受叶螨侵染的未定殖植株相比，叶螨侵染后，在定殖了FsK的植株上，与防御相关的基因存在差异表达。相应地，叶螨在定殖了FsK的植株上的生长受到负面影响，与对照植株相比，这些植株上的取食损伤更低。值得注意的是，FsK定殖使受叶螨侵染和未受侵染的植株生物量均增加。由于定殖了FsK的植株比未定殖的植株吸引了更多的捕食者，因此FsK被证明增强了番茄的间接防御。相应地，顶空挥发物分析显示，定殖了FsK的植株在受到叶螨攻击时释放的挥发物之间存在显著差异。我们的结果突出了内生真菌在塑造植物与叶螨相互作用中的作用，并可能为开发一种新型叶螨控制工具提供机会。
