Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology and Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
Biomedical Research Centre Network in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Nov 20;19(11):3662. doi: 10.3390/ijms19113662.
Dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glycemic index (GI), and glycemic load (GL) are accepted indicators of diet quality, which have an effect on diet⁻disease relationships. The aim of this study was to evaluate potential associations of dietary TAC, GI, and GL with variables related to nutritive status and insulin resistance (IR) risk in cardiometabolic subjects.
A total of 112 overweight or obese adults (age: 50.8 ± 9 years old) were included in the trial. Dietary intake was assessed by a validated 137-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), which was also used to calculate the dietary TAC, GI, and GL. Anthropometrics, blood pressure, body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), glycemic and lipid profiles, C-reactive protein (CRP), as well as fatty liver quantification by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were assessed.
Subjects with higher values of TAC had significantly lower circulating insulin concentration and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Participants with higher values of HOMA-IR showed significantly higher GI and GL. Correlation analyses showed relevant inverse associations of GI and GL with TAC. A regression model evidenced a relationship of HOMA-IR with TAC, GI, and GL.
This data reinforces the concept that dietary TAC, GI, and GL are potential markers of diet quality, which have an impact on the susceptible population with a cardiometabolic risk profile.
膳食总抗氧化能力（TAC）、血糖指数（GI）和血糖负荷（GL）是公认的饮食质量指标，它们对饮食与疾病的关系有影响。本研究旨在评估膳食 TAC、GI 和 GL 与心血管代谢受试者营养状况和胰岛素抵抗（IR）风险相关变量之间的潜在关联。
共有 112 名超重或肥胖成年人（年龄：50.8±9 岁）参与了该试验。通过验证过的 137 项食物频率问卷（FFQ）评估膳食摄入量，该问卷还用于计算膳食 TAC、GI 和 GL。评估了人体测量学、血压、双能 X 射线吸收法（DXA）测定的身体成分、血糖和血脂谱、C 反应蛋白（CRP）以及磁共振成像（MRI）定量的脂肪肝。
TAC 值较高的受试者的循环胰岛素浓度和稳态模型评估的胰岛素抵抗（HOMA-IR）显著降低。HOMA-IR 值较高的参与者的 GI 和 GL 值明显较高。相关性分析显示 GI 和 GL 与 TAC 呈显著负相关。回归模型表明 HOMA-IR 与 TAC、GI 和 GL 之间存在关系。
这些数据强化了这样一种概念，即膳食 TAC、GI 和 GL 是饮食质量的潜在标志物，它们对具有心血管代谢风险特征的易感人群有影响。
