From the Departments of Nutrition (C.Y., E.F., A.A., W.C.W.) and Epidemiology (A.A., O.I.O., F.G., W.C.W.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston; Channing Division of Network Medicine (C.Y., E.F., A.A., O.I.O., F.G., W.C.W.) and Department of Psychiatry (O.I.O.), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; and Harvard Medical School (A.B.), Boston, MA.
Neurology. 2019 Jan 1;92(1):e63-e75. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000006684. Epub 2018 Nov 21.
To evaluate the prospective association of long-term intake of vegetables and fruits with late-life subjective cognitive function (SCF).
Among 27,842 men with a mean age of 51 years in 1986, we used multinomial logistic regression to examine the relation of vegetable and fruit consumption to future SCF. Average dietary intake was calculated from 5 repeated food frequency questionnaires collected every 4 years until 2002. SCF score was assessed twice (2008 and 2012) using a 6-item questionnaire; validity was supported by strong associations with ε4 genotype. We categorized the average of the 2 scores as good, moderate, and poor SCF.
Higher intakes of total vegetables, total fruits, and fruit juice were each significantly associated with lower odds of moderate or poor SCF after controlling for major nondietary factors and total energy intake. The association with total fruit intake was weaker after further adjusting for major dietary factors. In this model, the multivariate odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for vegetable intake (top vs bottom quintile) were 0.83 (0.76-0.92), trend <0.001 for moderate SCF and 0.66 (0.55-0.80), trend <0.001 for poor SCF. For orange juice, compared to <1 serving/mo of intake, daily consumption was associated with a substantially lower odds of poor SCF (0.53 [0.43-0.67], trend <0.001). Higher consumption of vegetables and fruits 18 to 22 years before SCF assessment was associated with lower odds of poor SCF independent of more proximal intake.
Our findings support a long-term beneficial role of vegetable, fruit, and orange juice consumption on SCF.
评估长期摄入蔬菜和水果与晚年主观认知功能（SCF）的前瞻性关联。
在 1986 年平均年龄为 51 岁的 27842 名男性中，我们使用多项逻辑回归来检查蔬菜和水果消费与未来 SCF 的关系。从 1986 年至 2002 年，每 4 年收集 5 次重复的食物频率问卷，计算平均饮食摄入量。使用 6 项问卷两次（2008 年和 2012 年）评估 SCF 评分；与 ε4 基因型的强关联支持了有效性。我们将两次评分的平均值分类为良好、中等和较差的 SCF。
在控制主要非饮食因素和总能量摄入后，较高的总蔬菜、总水果和果汁摄入量与中等或较差的 SCF 发生几率降低显著相关。进一步调整主要饮食因素后，与总水果摄入量的关联减弱。在该模型中，蔬菜摄入量（最高五分位数与最低五分位数）的多变量比值比（95%置信区间）为 0.83（0.76-0.92），趋势<0.001，与中等 SCF 相关，0.66（0.55-0.80），趋势<0.001，与较差的 SCF 相关。与<1 份/月的摄入量相比，橙汁的每日摄入量与较差的 SCF 的发生几率明显降低（0.53 [0.43-0.67]，趋势<0.001）。在评估 SCF 之前 18 至 22 年较高的蔬菜和水果摄入量与较差的 SCF 发生几率降低独立于近期摄入量相关。
我们的研究结果支持长期摄入蔬菜、水果和橙汁对 SCF 有益。
