Choi Min Sik
Lab of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul 02748, Republic of Korea.
Biomol Ther (Seoul). 2018 Nov 1;26(6):533-538. doi: 10.4062/biomolther.2018.179.
Nitric oxide (NO) mediates various physiological and pathological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and inflammation. Protein S-nitrosylation (SNO), a NO-mediated reversible protein modification, leads to changes in the activity and function of target proteins. Recent findings on protein-protein transnitrosylation reactions (transfer of an NO group from one protein to another) have unveiled the mechanism of NO modulation of specific signaling pathways. The intracellular level of S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), a major reactive NO species, is controlled by GSNO reductase (GSNOR), a major regulator of NO/SNO signaling. Increasing number of GSNOR-related studies have shown the important role that denitrosylation plays in cellular NO/SNO homeostasis and human pathophysiology. This review introduces recent evidence of GSNO-mediated NO/SNO signaling depending on GSNOR expression or activity. In addition, the applicability of GSNOR as a target for drug therapy will be discussed in this review.
一氧化氮（NO）介导多种生理和病理过程，包括细胞增殖、分化和炎症。蛋白质S-亚硝基化（SNO）是一种由NO介导的可逆蛋白质修饰，可导致靶蛋白的活性和功能发生变化。最近关于蛋白质-蛋白质转亚硝基化反应（将NO基团从一种蛋白质转移到另一种蛋白质）的研究揭示了NO调节特定信号通路的机制。S-亚硝基谷胱甘肽（GSNO）是一种主要的活性NO物质，其细胞内水平由GSNO还原酶（GSNOR）控制，GSNOR是NO/SNO信号的主要调节因子。越来越多与GSNOR相关的研究表明，去亚硝基化在细胞NO/SNO稳态和人类病理生理学中发挥着重要作用。本综述介绍了最近关于依赖GSNOR表达或活性的GSNO介导的NO/SNO信号传导的证据。此外，本综述还将讨论GSNOR作为药物治疗靶点的适用性。
