Karakuş Mehmet, Arserim Suha Kenan, Erişöz Kasap Özge, Pekağırbaş Metin, Aküzüm Duygu, Alten Bülent, Töz Seray, Özbel Yusuf
Department of Biotechnology, Health Sciences Institute, Sağlık Bilimleri University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Vocational School of Health Sciences, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey.
Acta Trop. 2019 Feb;190:177-182. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.11.020. Epub 2018 Nov 19.
Leishmaniasis is an arthropod borne disease that is endemic in 102 countries and one and half million new cases are reported each year. Sand flies are the one and only proven vectors of the disease and dogs are the main reservoirs in urban areas. Karaburun peninsula is located in most western part of Turkey and is reported to be an endemic area for human and canine leishmaniasis. The most recent study was undertaken more than 15 years ago in The peninsula and no clear data available for vectors or reservoirs. Thus, we aimed to update the information regarding sand fly diversity, infection status of reservoirs and vectors in the study area. Sand flies were collected using CDC light traps at 13 different sites of Karaburun and species identification was made using previously published keys. Monospecific pools were generated using midguts with blood retention and were screened for the presence of Leishmania spp. DNA by molecular techniques. A non-invasive conjunctival swab sampling was performed to identify the infection status among reservoirs and species typing of the causative agent was also undertaken using ITS1 PCR. Three out of 30 pools were found positive for Leishmania infantum that were generated using guts of Phlebotomus tobbi (n:36). Among all sampled dogs (44) and cats (19), 11 and one of them were found positive for L. infantum, respectively. There was a decrease in the number of P. papatasi during the study period, while increase was observed in the number of P. tobbi. The presence of proven vectors and reservoirs as well as Leishmania DNA in cats was shown in the present study. Sand fly fauna is updated and Leishmania DNA presence in cats was reported in the study area for the first time.
利什曼病是一种由节肢动物传播的疾病，在102个国家呈地方性流行，每年报告的新病例达150万例。白蛉是唯一经证实的该病传播媒介，而狗是城市地区的主要宿主。卡拉布伦半岛位于土耳其最西部，据报道是人类和犬类利什曼病的地方性流行区。半岛上最近的一项研究是在15多年前进行的，目前没有关于传播媒介或宿主的明确数据。因此，我们旨在更新研究区域内白蛉多样性、宿主和传播媒介感染状况的信息。在卡拉布伦的13个不同地点使用疾控中心诱蚊灯收集白蛉，并根据先前发表的分类检索表进行物种鉴定。使用含有残留血液的中肠制备单一种类样本池，并通过分子技术筛查利什曼原虫属DNA的存在情况。进行了非侵入性结膜拭子采样，以确定宿主中的感染状况，并使用ITS1 PCR对病原体进行物种分型。在使用托氏白蛉（n:36）的肠道制备的30个样本池中，有3个被发现利什曼原虫婴儿亚种呈阳性。在所有采样的狗（44只）和猫（19只）中，分别有11只和1只被发现利什曼原虫婴儿亚种呈阳性。在研究期间，巴氏白蛉的数量有所减少，而托氏白蛉的数量有所增加。本研究显示了已证实的传播媒介和宿主以及猫体内利什曼原虫DNA的存在。更新了研究区域的白蛉动物区系，并首次报告了猫体内存在利什曼原虫DNA。
