State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2019 Mar;169:383-391. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.11.038. Epub 2018 Nov 20.
In this study, levels of 14 organophosphate flame retardants (OPEs) were measured in 101 indoor dust samples collected from dormitories, residential homes, and offices in Beijing, China. In addition, paired air samples were also analyzed to evaluate any correlation between OPE levels in air and that in corresponding dust samples. The ΣOPEs levels substantially varied between individual samples. Thereinto, significantly higher OPE levels were found in dust samples from office (mean value: 14 μg g), comparing to that in dust samples from residential homes (mean value: 5.9 μg g) and dormitories (mean value: 6.9 μg g). Congener profiles of OPEs in dust samples from different microenvironments indicated that tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) was the dominant OPE in the office samples, followed by tris (2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCPP). In contrast, TCPP was the dominant OPE in the residential home and dormitory samples, followed by TCEP. The mean concentration (range) of ΣOPEs in the 15 air samples was 5.2 (1.0-20) ng m, and TCPP was the dominated congener in these samples. The concentration of TCEP and TCPP in air was positively correlated with that in corresponding indoor dust, and OPEs with highly saturated vapor pressures have higher fractions in the air than that in the dust. The estimated daily intakes through dust ingestion, dermal absorption, and inhalation indicated that the exposure to OPEs in indoor environments do not result in significant health risk for the general population in Beijing.
本研究在北京的宿舍、住宅和办公室采集了 101 份室内灰尘样本，测量了其中 14 种有机磷阻燃剂（OPEs）的含量。此外，还分析了配对的空气样本，以评估空气中 OPE 水平与相应灰尘样本之间的相关性。各样本中ΣOPEs 的含量差异较大。其中，办公室灰尘样本中的 OPE 含量（平均值：14μg/g）显著高于住宅（平均值：5.9μg/g）和宿舍（平均值：6.9μg/g）灰尘样本。不同微环境下灰尘样本中的 OPE 同系物谱表明，三（2-氯乙基）磷酸酯（TCEP）是办公室样本中主要的 OPE，其次是三（2-氯异丙基）磷酸酯（TCPP）。相比之下，TCPP 是住宅和宿舍样本中的主要 OPE，其次是 TCEP。15 份空气样本中ΣOPEs 的平均浓度（范围）为 5.2（1.0-20）ng/m，其中 TCPP 是主要的同系物。空气中 TCEP 和 TCPP 的浓度与相应室内灰尘中的浓度呈正相关，且具有高饱和蒸气压的 OPEs 在空气中的比例高于灰尘中的比例。通过灰尘摄入、皮肤吸收和吸入估算的每日摄入量表明，室内环境中 OPEs 的暴露对北京一般人群不会造成显著的健康风险。
