1Institute of Animal Nutrition,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China.
Animal. 2019 Jul;13(7):1448-1457. doi: 10.1017/S1751731118003105. Epub 2018 Nov 23.
Distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) are highly susceptible to lipid oxidation because DDGS contain about 10% crude fat, which is largely composed of polyunsaturated fatty acids. l-carnitine serves an important function in fatty acids β-oxidation, and also has antioxidant properties. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of l-carnitine in the DDGS diet of gestating and lactating sows on reproductive performance, milk composition and antioxidant status of sows and their offspring. One hundred and twenty sows (Landrace×Large white, mean parity 4.2, initial BW 230 kg) were randomly allotted to 1 of 4 dietary treatments (n=30 sows/treatment). Treatments were arranged as a 2×2 factorial with two levels of dietary DDGS (0 v. 250 g/kg in gestating diets and 400 g/kg in lactating diets) and two levels of dietary l-carnitine (0 v. 100 mg/kg in gestating diets and 0 v. 200 mg/kg in lactating diets). Distillers dried grains with solubles had no significant effect on litter size but significantly reduced the birth weights and weaning weights of piglets (P0.05). Supplementing the diets with l-carnitine had no significant effect of total litter size (P>0.05) but increased the number of piglets born alive and piglets weaned, birth weight and weaning weight of piglets and litter weight at birth and weaning (P<0.05). l-carnitine supplementation also increased the concentration of l-carnitine in milk and l-carnitine status of piglets (P<0.05). The antioxidant enzyme activities of new born and weaning piglets were increased (P<0.05) by maternal dietary l-carnitine but this did not extend to finishing pigs. In conclusion, including DDGS in the sows diet could induce oxidative stress, which may be associated with the reduced individual birth and weaning weight of piglets. Dietary l-carnitine supplementation improved the antioxidant and l-carnitine status of sows, which may be associated with the improved reproduction and piglet performance and the antioxidant status of piglets at birth and weaning. There were no interactions between DDGS and l-carnitine.
酒糟及其可溶物（DDGS）极易发生脂质氧化，因为 DDGS 含有约 10%的粗脂肪，其中大部分由多不饱和脂肪酸组成。左旋肉碱在脂肪酸β-氧化中起着重要作用，同时具有抗氧化特性。本研究旨在探讨妊娠和泌乳母猪日粮中添加左旋肉碱对母猪繁殖性能、乳成分和抗氧化状态及其后代的影响。将 120 头母猪（长白×大白，平均胎次 4.2，初始 BW 230kg）随机分为 4 种日粮处理组（每组 30 头母猪）。处理组采用 2×2 因子设计，日粮中 DDGS 水平（妊娠日粮中 0 或 250g/kg，泌乳日粮中 400g/kg）和日粮中左旋肉碱水平（妊娠日粮中 0 或 100mg/kg，泌乳日粮中 0 或 200mg/kg）各有 2 个水平。酒糟及其可溶物对窝产仔数没有显著影响，但显著降低了仔猪的初生重和断奶重（P0.05）。日粮中添加左旋肉碱对总窝产仔数没有显著影响（P>0.05），但增加了活仔数、断奶仔猪数、仔猪初生重和断奶重、分娩和断奶时的窝重（P<0.05）。左旋肉碱的添加还增加了乳中左旋肉碱的浓度和仔猪的左旋肉碱状态（P<0.05）。母猪日粮中添加左旋肉碱提高了新生和断奶仔猪的抗氧化酶活性（P<0.05），但这一效应并未延伸至育肥猪。总之，母猪日粮中添加 DDGS 会引起氧化应激，这可能与仔猪个体初生重和断奶重降低有关。日粮中添加左旋肉碱可改善母猪的抗氧化和左旋肉碱状态，这可能与繁殖性能和仔猪性能的提高以及仔猪出生和断奶时的抗氧化状态有关。DDGS 和左旋肉碱之间没有相互作用。
