Jovita Hazel D, Nurmandi Achmad, Mutiarin Dyah, Purnomo Eko P
Department of Political Science, Iligan Institute of Technology of the Mindanao State University, Philippines.
Department of Government Affairs and Administration, Muhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Jamba. 2018 Nov 12;10(1):585. doi: 10.4102/jamba.v10i1.585. eCollection 2018.
Disasters are the litmus test of governance. The inherent complexity of disasters places government agencies and societies in vulnerable situations. This study uses the mixed-method approach to social network analysis in evaluating the network structure of the Philippine disaster management and its implications for disaster governance. A survey was conducted among the target 56 identified disaster response-related agencies and organisations from the disaster management networks of the most susceptible areas in the Philippines - Cities of Cagayan de Oro and Iligan, Province of Misamis Oriental and the overall Region 10 disaster response network, aimed at measuring the existing relationships among member agencies. Forty-four agencies and organisations were able to participate in the survey. Also, key informant interviews were conducted among the representatives of the lead agencies, non-government organisations and survivors of Typhoon Washi. The findings revealed that the mandated tall structure and the lead organisation form of network governance as stipulated in does not work in the regional and local disaster management networks in Region 10, particularly during Typhoon Washi in 2010. At the regional level, such structure does not build interdependencies among agencies, while at the local level, disaster response operations are constrained by bureaucratic protocols making disaster management networks ineffective. At the regional level, where many agencies and organisations are involved, the existing less centralised structure of decision-making should be transformed into a highly centralised structure, while disaster operations should be improved through coordination at all levels of disaster operations and intensified collaboration with non-government agencies.
灾难是治理的试金石。灾难固有的复杂性使政府机构和社会处于脆弱境地。本研究采用混合方法进行社会网络分析，以评估菲律宾灾害管理的网络结构及其对灾害治理的影响。对菲律宾最易受灾地区——卡加延德奥罗市、伊格林市、米沙鄢东方省以及第10地区整体灾害应对网络的灾害管理网络中56个已确定的与灾害应对相关的机构和组织进行了调查，旨在衡量成员机构之间的现有关系。44个机构和组织参与了此次调查。此外，还对牵头机构、非政府组织的代表以及台风“瓦希”的幸存者进行了关键信息访谈。研究结果显示，[具体文件中]规定的法定高层结构和网络治理的牵头组织形式在第10地区的区域和地方灾害管理网络中不起作用，尤其是在2010年台风“瓦希”期间。在区域层面，这种结构无法在各机构之间建立相互依存关系，而在地方层面，灾害应对行动受到官僚程序的限制，导致灾害管理网络效率低下。在区域层面，涉及众多机构和组织，应将现有的决策分散结构转变为高度集中的结构，同时应通过各级灾害行动的协调以及加强与非政府机构的合作来改进灾害行动。
