Department of Gastroenterology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Hubrecht Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht and Princess Maxima Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Gastroenterology. 2019 Feb;156(3):562-576. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.11.048. Epub 2018 Nov 23.
Insights into the stem cell niche have allowed researchers to cultivate adult tissue stem cells as organoids that display structural and phenotypic features of healthy and diseased epithelial tissues. Organoids derived from patients' tissues are used as models of disease and to test drugs. CRISPR-Cas9 technology can be used to genetically engineer organoids for studies of monogenic diseases and cancer. We review the derivation of organoids from human gastrointestinal tissues and how CRISPR-Cas9 technology can be used to study these organoids. We discuss burgeoning technologies that are broadening our understanding of diseases of the digestive system.
对干细胞生态位的深入了解使研究人员能够培养成体组织干细胞为类器官，这些类器官显示出健康和患病上皮组织的结构和表型特征。源自患者组织的类器官可用作疾病模型和药物测试。CRISPR-Cas9 技术可用于对类器官进行基因工程改造，以研究单基因疾病和癌症。我们回顾了从人类胃肠道组织中衍生类器官的方法，以及如何使用 CRISPR-Cas9 技术来研究这些类器官。我们讨论了新兴技术，这些技术拓宽了我们对消化系统疾病的理解。
