Clouse R E
Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
Psychiatr Clin North Am. 1988 Jun;11(2):399-417.
The substrate for modulation of the gastrointestinal tract by anxiety and other psychiatric disorders is provided by our knowledge of central nervous system control mechanisms of gastrointestinal functions. Recent experiments that examine the gastrointestinal response to acute stress amplify prior work and confirm that central stimuli, viz. emotional stress, can produce measurable gastrointestinal changes. These changes are not uniformly predictable on the basis of knowledge of the control mechanisms, alone. Acute stress experiments cannot be directly extrapolated to anxiety disorders and their relationship to gastrointestinal illness; careful physiologic studies in these more chronic disorders are sparse. Anxiety disorders and other psychiatric illnesses are particularly common in patients with the functional bowel diseases. This heterogeneous group of gastrointestinal diseases remains fertile territory for examining emotion-gut relationship on a biologic level.
焦虑及其他精神障碍对胃肠道产生调节作用的基础，是我们对胃肠道功能的中枢神经系统控制机制的了解。最近一些研究胃肠道对急性应激反应的实验拓展了之前的工作，并证实中枢刺激，即情绪应激，可引起可测量的胃肠道变化。仅根据控制机制的知识，这些变化并非完全可预测。急性应激实验不能直接外推至焦虑症及其与胃肠道疾病的关系；针对这些更慢性疾病的细致生理学研究较少。焦虑症和其他精神疾病在功能性肠病患者中尤为常见。这一异质性的胃肠道疾病群体，仍是在生物学层面研究情绪与肠道关系的丰富领域。
