Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital of Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 27, 72074 Tübingen, Germany.
FFAS Research Centre for Occupational and Social Medicine (FFAS), Bertoldstraße 63, 79098 Freiburg, Germany.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Nov 23;15(12):2625. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15122625.
(1) Background: Both patient and occupational safety cultures should be considered when promoting safety culture. To our knowledge, there are no studies that capture patient safety culture (PSC) and occupational safety culture (OSC) in hospitals while using a common questionnaire. The aim of this feasibility study in a German university hospital was to develop a questionnaire to assess both issues analogously. In addition to feasibility outcomes, we report results of PSC-OSC comparisons. (2) Methods: To assess PSC, we used the existing Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSPSC) questionnaire. Developing new OSC "twin items" for certain parts of the HSPSC was supported by a previous literature review. Additionally, we developed multiple choice questions to examine knowledge and competencies regarding specific PS/OS aspects. (3) Results: Developing and implementing a combined PSC and OSC assessment instrument was feasible. The overall response rate was 33% (407 nurses, 140 physicians). In general, the statistical reliability of almost all scales was sufficient. Positive PSC perceptions (agreement rates 46⁻87%) were found in 16 out of 18 scales. Of the four twin scales, the PSC values were significantly better. Individual PS- and OS-related knowledge and competencies were lower than expected. (4) Conclusion: The comparative investigation of patient and occupational safety in a large hospital is a promising approach and can be recommended for further studies. We used our experiences that are presented here in an ongoing bicentric study on the associations between working conditions, occupational safety culture, patient safety culture, and patient safety outcomes (WorkSafeMed).
(1) 背景：在促进安全文化时，应同时考虑患者和职业安全文化。据我们所知，目前尚无研究在使用通用问卷的情况下同时捕捉医院的患者安全文化（PSC）和职业安全文化（OSC）。本研究旨在德国一所大学医院进行可行性研究，目的是开发一种类似的问卷来评估这两个问题。除了可行性结果外，我们还报告了 PSC-OSC 比较的结果。
(2) 方法：为了评估 PSC，我们使用了现有的《医院患者安全文化调查》（HSPSC）问卷。通过先前的文献回顾，为 HSPSC 的某些部分开发新的 OSC“双胞胎项目”得到了支持。此外，我们还开发了多项选择题，以检查有关特定 PS/OS 方面的知识和能力。
(3) 结果：开发和实施综合的 PSC 和 OSC 评估工具是可行的。总体回复率为 33%（407 名护士，140 名医生）。总体而言，几乎所有量表的统计可靠性都足够。在 18 个量表中，有 16 个量表对 PSC 的看法为积极（同意率为 46%至 87%）。在四个双胞胎量表中，PSC 值明显更好。个人 PS 和 OS 相关的知识和能力低于预期。
(4) 结论：在大型医院中对患者和职业安全进行比较性调查是一种很有前途的方法，可推荐用于进一步的研究。我们在一项正在进行的关于工作条件、职业安全文化、患者安全文化和患者安全结果（WorkSafeMed）之间关联的双中心研究中使用了这里介绍的经验。
