Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
Nat Plants. 2018 Dec;4(12):989-996. doi: 10.1038/s41477-018-0309-4. Epub 2018 Nov 26.
A major problem facing humanity is that our numbers are growing but the availability of land and fresh water for agriculture is not. This problem is being exacerbated by climate change-induced increases in drought, and other abiotic stresses. Stress-resistant crops are needed to ensure yield stability under stress conditions and to minimize the environmental impacts of crop production. Evolution has created thousands of species of naturally stress-resistant plants (NSRPs), some of which have already been subjected to human domestication and are considered minor crops. Broader cultivation of these minor crops will diversify plant agriculture and the human diet, and will therefore help improve global food security and human health. More research should be directed toward understanding and utilizing NSRPs. Technologies are now available that will enable researchers to rapidly improve the genetics of NSRPs, with the goal of increasing NSRP productivity while retaining NSRP stress resistance and nutritional value.
人类面临的一个主要问题是，人口数量不断增长，但可用于农业的土地和淡水却没有增加。气候变化导致干旱和其他非生物胁迫的增加，使这个问题更加严重。需要具有抗逆性的作物，以确保在胁迫条件下产量稳定，并最大限度地减少作物生产对环境的影响。进化创造了数千种天然抗逆性植物（NSRPs），其中一些已经经过人类驯化，被认为是次要作物。更广泛地种植这些次要作物将使植物农业和人类饮食多样化，因此有助于提高全球粮食安全和人类健康。应该有更多的研究致力于了解和利用 NSRPs。现在已经有了一些技术，可以使研究人员快速改进 NSRPs 的遗传学，目标是在提高 NSRPs 生产力的同时保持 NSRPs 的抗逆性和营养价值。
