NORCE - Norwegian Research Centre - Environment, Mekjarvik 12, 4070 Randaberg, Norway.
Marine Biology and Ecology Research Centre School of Biological and Marine Science, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, Devon PL4 8AA, UK.
Sci Rep. 2018 Nov 26;8(1):17380. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-35623-w.
Ocean warming (OW) and acidification (OA) are key features of global change and are predicted to have negative consequences for marine species and ecosystems. At a smaller scale increasing oil and gas activities at northern high latitudes could lead to greater risk of petroleum pollution, potentially exacerbating the effects of such global stressors. However, knowledge of combined effects is limited. This study employed a scenario-based, collapsed design to investigate the impact of one local acute stressor (North Sea crude oil) and two chronic global drivers (pH for OA and temperature for OW), alone or in combination on aspects of the biology of larval stages of two key invertebrates: the northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) and the green sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis). Both local and global drivers had negative effects on survival, development and growth of the larval stages. These effects were species- and stage-dependent. No statistical interactions were observed between local and global drivers and the combined effects of the two drivers were approximately equal to the sum of their separate effects. This study highlights the importance of adjusting regulation associated with oil spill prevention to maximize the resilience of marine organisms to predicted future global conditions.
海洋变暖（OW）和酸化（OA）是全球变化的主要特征，预计会对海洋物种和生态系统产生负面影响。在较小的范围内，北极地区不断增加的石油和天然气活动可能会导致更大的石油污染风险，从而可能加剧这些全球压力源的影响。然而，对联合效应的了解有限。本研究采用基于情景的、崩溃的设计，调查了单一或组合的局部急性应激源（北海原油）和两个慢性全球驱动因素（OA 的 pH 值和 OW 的温度）对两种关键无脊椎动物幼虫阶段生物学的影响：北方虾（Pandalus borealis）和绿海胆（Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis）。本地和全球驱动因素都对幼虫阶段的生存、发育和生长产生了负面影响。这些影响与物种和阶段有关。在本地和全球驱动因素之间没有观察到统计相互作用，并且这两个驱动因素的联合效应大致等于它们单独效应的总和。本研究强调了调整与防止溢油相关的法规的重要性，以最大限度地提高海洋生物对未来预测的全球条件的恢复能力。
