Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2018 Dec;53:187-198. doi: 10.1016/j.sbi.2018.11.002. Epub 2018 Nov 24.
Poly(ADP-ribose) is a posttranslational modification and signaling molecule that regulates many aspects of human cell biology, and it is synthesized by enzymes known as poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases, or PARPs. A diverse collection of domain structures dictates the different cellular roles of PARP enzymes and regulates the production of poly(ADP-ribose). Here we primarily review recent structural insights into the regulation and catalysis of two family members: PARP-1 and Tankyrase. PARP-1 has multiple roles in the cellular response to DNA damage and the regulation of gene transcription, and Tankyrase regulates a diverse set of target proteins involved in cellular processes such as mitosis, genome integrity, and cell signaling. Both enzymes offer interesting modes of regulating the production and the target site selectivity of the poly(ADP-ribose) modification.
聚（ADP-核糖）是一种翻译后修饰和信号分子，调节着人类细胞生物学的许多方面，它由称为多聚（ADP-核糖）聚合酶或 PARP 的酶合成。多种结构域结构决定了 PARP 酶的不同细胞作用，并调节聚（ADP-核糖）的产生。在这里，我们主要综述了最近关于两个家族成员 PARP-1 和 Tankyrase 的调节和催化的结构见解。PARP-1 在细胞对 DNA 损伤的反应和基因转录的调节中具有多种作用，而 Tankyrase 调节着涉及有丝分裂、基因组完整性和细胞信号传导等细胞过程的一系列不同靶蛋白。这两种酶都提供了有趣的方式来调节聚（ADP-核糖）修饰的产生和靶位点选择性。
