Department of Neurosurgical Engineering and Translational Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan.
Department of Neurosurgical Engineering and Translational Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1103:167-186. doi: 10.1007/978-4-431-56847-6_9.
Stroke is defined as a sudden onset of neurologic deficits arising from cerebrovascular complications. It is the second common cause of death around the world and the major cause of disability. Because brain is an organ with complicated neural networks and neurons are highly differentiated, it has been traditionally considered to possess a limited potential for regeneration. The number of stroke patients is increasing, and stroke represents a serious problem from the viewpoint of the national medical economy. Even with the current sophisticated treatments, more than half of stroke patient survivors remain disabled. Therefore, it is imperative to develop a new treatment for promoting functional recovery and repair of the lost neurological circuit. Multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells are endogenous non-tumorigenic stem cells with pluripotency. After transplantation, Muse cells recognize the injured site through their specific receptor for damage signal, home preferentially into these tissues and spontaneously differentiate into tissue-compatible cells to replace the lost cells, and repair the tissue, delivering functional and structural regeneration. These properties are desirable for the treatment of strokes and advantageous compared to other stem cell therapies. Here, we describe the current status of stem cell therapies for stroke and future possibilities of Muse cell therapy.
中风是指由脑血管并发症引起的突发性神经功能缺损。它是全球第二大常见死因，也是主要的致残原因。由于大脑是一个具有复杂神经网络的器官，神经元高度分化，因此传统上被认为其再生能力有限。中风患者的数量正在增加，从国家医疗经济的角度来看，中风是一个严重的问题。即使采用目前复杂的治疗方法，仍有一半以上的中风幸存者留有残疾。因此，迫切需要开发一种新的治疗方法，以促进功能恢复和丧失的神经回路修复。多系分化应激耐受（Muse）细胞是具有多能性的内源性非肿瘤干细胞。移植后，Muse 细胞通过其对损伤信号的特定受体识别损伤部位，优先归巢到这些组织中，并自发分化为与组织相容的细胞，以替代丢失的细胞，并修复组织，实现功能和结构的再生。这些特性是治疗中风的理想选择，与其他干细胞疗法相比具有优势。在这里，我们描述了中风的干细胞治疗现状和 Muse 细胞治疗的未来可能性。
