College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
Stem Cell and Biotherapy Engineering Research Center of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
Stem Cell Res Ther. 2022 Aug 19;13(1):421. doi: 10.1186/s13287-022-03126-1.
Stem cell-based regenerative therapies have recently become promising and advanced for treating stroke. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have received the most attention for treating stroke because of the outstanding paracrine function of MSCs and the three-germ-layer differentiation ability of iPSCs. However, the unsatisfactory homing ability, differentiation, integration, and survival time in vivo limit the effectiveness of MSCs in regenerative medicine. The inherent tumorigenic property of iPSCs renders complete differentiation necessary before transplantation, which is complicated and expensive and affects the consistency among cell batches. Multilineage differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells are natural pluripotent stem cells in the connective tissues of nearly every organ and thus are considered nontumorigenic. A single Muse cell can differentiate into all three-germ-layer, preferentially migrate to damaged sites after transplantation, survive in hostile environments, and spontaneously differentiate into tissue-compatible cells, all of which can compensate for the shortcomings of MSCs and iPSCs. This review summarizes the recent progress in understanding the biological properties of Muse cells and highlights the differences between Muse cells and other types of stem cells. Finally, we summarized the current research progress on the application of Muse cells on stroke and challenges from bench to bedside.
基于干细胞的再生疗法最近在治疗中风方面变得很有前景和先进。间充质干细胞 (MSCs) 和诱导多能干细胞 (iPSCs) 因其出色的旁分泌功能和 iPSCs 的三胚层分化能力而受到治疗中风的最多关注。然而，MSCs 在体内的归巢能力、分化、整合和存活时间不理想，限制了其在再生医学中的有效性。iPSCs 的固有致瘤性使得在移植前必须完全分化，这既复杂又昂贵，并且会影响细胞批次之间的一致性。多系分化应激耐受 (Muse) 细胞是几乎每个器官结缔组织中的天然多能干细胞，因此被认为是非致瘤的。单个 Muse 细胞可以分化为所有三个胚层，在移植后优先迁移到受损部位，在恶劣环境中存活，并自发分化为组织相容的细胞，所有这些都可以弥补 MSCs 和 iPSCs 的缺点。本综述总结了近年来对 Muse 细胞生物学特性的理解进展，并强调了 Muse 细胞与其他类型干细胞之间的差异。最后，我们总结了 Muse 细胞在中风应用上的当前研究进展和从实验室到临床的挑战。
