Public Health and Statistics, The Graduate School, University of West London, London, UK.
The Oxford Institute of Population Ageing, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
J Eval Clin Pract. 2019 Oct;25(5):754-760. doi: 10.1111/jep.13071. Epub 2018 Nov 28.
RATIONALE, AIMS, AND OBJECTIVES: This article aims to examine global population ageing and to evaluate the likely risks and dilemmas of demographic ageing within the context of the health and well-being of individuals.
This paper is based on the author's research in the field of social gerontology, demography, and public health. In addition, a literature review has been carried out focused on the objectives of the research.
The study has identified potential risks and dilemmas that the older people may face in the globalized world. There are four main aspects that contribute to an unequal distribution of risks in later life: (a) burden of disease in epidemiological transition, (b) financial security in retirement, (c) familial resources for older peoples' care, and (d) availability of workforce for older peoples' care. Whilst population ageing is a global trend, its impact is not equal across the world, and this is highlighted in this research. There are some important dilemmas which are identified in this paper that may also fuel the potential risks and challenges facing ageing societies.
It is apparent that older people will face numerous risks in later life and those in developing countries are likely to face more challenges than those in developed countries. The findings may be useful to policymakers for formulating future plans and policy implementation. Further research is required to identify the number of health care workers needed to tackle the challenges of an ageing societies across the globe.
背景、目的和目标：本文旨在探讨全球人口老龄化问题，并评估人口老龄化对个人健康和福祉可能带来的风险和困境。
本文基于作者在社会老年学、人口学和公共卫生领域的研究。此外，还进行了一项以研究目标为重点的文献综述。
研究确定了老年人在全球化世界中可能面临的潜在风险和困境。有四个主要方面导致晚年风险分配不均：（a）流行病学转变中的疾病负担，（b）退休时的财务安全，（c）老年人护理的家庭资源，以及（d）老年人护理劳动力的可用性。尽管人口老龄化是一个全球趋势，但它在全球的影响并不均衡，这在本研究中得到了强调。本文还确定了一些可能加剧老龄化社会面临的潜在风险和挑战的重要困境。
很明显，老年人在晚年将面临许多风险，发展中国家的老年人比发达国家的老年人面临更多的挑战。这些发现可能对政策制定者制定未来计划和政策实施有用。需要进一步研究以确定全球范围内应对老龄化社会挑战所需的医护人员数量。
