Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan.
Department of Horticulture, National Ilan University, Yilan 260, Taiwan.
Molecules. 2018 Nov 27;23(12):3106. doi: 10.3390/molecules23123106.
The root of Chinese sage ( Bunge) was regarded as top-grade Chinese medicine two thousand years ago, according to . The aim of this study is to develop an easy and reliable means for obtaining tetraploids (4x plants) via thidiazuron-induced direct organogenesis in the presence of colchicine. The resulting 4x plants showed significantly enhanced agronomic traits, including the size of stomata, leaflet, pollen, and seed as well as shoot length, root diameter, number of leaves, and fresh weight of plant. In addition, an obvious reduction of length to width ratio was found in the 4x plants, including stomata, leaflets, pollens, seeds, and roots. The 4x ploidy state of the plants was stable as was proved by evaluation of selection indicators as well as consistent ploidy level at 10th generation plantlets and also on 4x seedlings obtained via self-pollination. The major bioactive compounds, salvianolic acid B, tanshinone I, tanshinone IIA, dihydrotanshinone I and cryptotanshinone, as well as total tanshinones were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The concentrations of dihydrotanshinone I and total tanshinones in the root extract of the 4x plants were significantly higher when compared with the 2x plants. This present study developed a simple and efficient system for inducing and subculture of tetrapolids which have stable ploidy level, enhanced growth characteristics as well as the content of dihydrotanshinone I in the root of S. miltiorrhiza.
两千年前的《本草纲目》就将丹参（Bunge）的根作为上品中药。本研究旨在开发一种简便可靠的方法，通过噻唑隆诱导的直接器官发生，并在秋水仙素存在的条件下获得四倍体（4x 植物）。所得的 4x 植物表现出明显增强的农艺性状，包括气孔、小叶、花粉和种子以及茎长、根直径、叶片数和植株鲜重。此外，在 4x 植物中发现气孔、小叶、花粉、种子和根的长宽比明显减小。通过对选择指标的评估以及第 10 代组培苗和自交获得的 4x 苗的一致倍性水平，证明了植物的 4x 倍性状态是稳定的。采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定了主要生物活性化合物丹参酸 B、丹参酮 I、丹参酮 IIA、二氢丹参酮 I 和隐丹参酮以及总丹参酮的含量。与 2x 植物相比，4x 植物根提取物中二氢丹参酮 I 和总丹参酮的浓度显著升高。本研究开发了一种简单有效的方法来诱导和继代培养丹参四倍体，这些四倍体具有稳定的倍性水平、增强的生长特性以及根中二氢丹参酮 I 的含量。
