Warrior Research Center, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2018 Nov 28;15(1):55. doi: 10.1186/s12970-018-0262-7.
Adequate dietary intake is important for promoting adaptation and prevention of musculoskeletal injury in response to large volumes of physical training such as Army Initial Entry Training (IET). The purpose of this study was to evaluate training volume and dietary intake and estimate energy balance in Army IET soldiers.
Dietary intake was assessed by collecting diet logs for three meals on each of three, non-consecutive days during the first week of IET. Training volume was measured across 13 weeks of training using Actigraph wGT3X accelerometers. Training intensity was classified using Sasaki vector magnitude three cut points. Energy expenditure estimates were calculated during weeks two and three of training using the modified Harris-Benedict equation and by estimation of active energy expenditure using metabolic equivalents for each classification of physical activity. All data is presented as mean ± standard deviation.
A total of 111 male soldiers (ht. = ± 173 ± 5.8 cm, age = 19 ± 2 years, mass = 71.6. ± 12.4 kg) completed diet logs and were monitored with Actigraphs. IET soldiers performed on average 273 ± 62 min low, 107 ± 42 min moderate, 26 ± 22 min vigorous, and 10 ± 21 min of very vigorous intensity physical activity daily across 13 weeks. The estimated total daily energy expenditure was on average 3238 ± 457 kcals/d during weeks two and three of IET. Compared to week one caloric intake, there was a caloric deficit of 595 ± 896 kcals/d on average during weeks two and three of IET. Regression analysis showed that body weight was a significant predictor for negative energy balance (adj. R2 = 0.54, p < 0.001), whereby a 1 kg increase in body mass was associated with a 53 kcal energy deficit.
Based on week one dietary assessment, IET soldiers did not consume adequate calories and nutrients to meet training needs during red phase (weeks one through three). This may directly affect soldier performance and injury frequency. IET soldiers undergo rigorous training, and these data may help direct future guidelines for adequate nourishment to optimize soldier health and performance.
在进行大量体育训练（如陆军新兵基础训练）时，摄入足够的饮食对促进适应和预防肌肉骨骼损伤很重要。本研究的目的是评估陆军新兵基础训练士兵的训练量和饮食摄入情况，并估算能量平衡。
在新兵基础训练的第一周，连续三天的每顿饭都收集饮食日志，以评估饮食摄入情况。在 13 周的训练中，使用 Actigraph wGT3X 加速度计测量训练量。使用 Sasaki 向量幅度三分点对训练强度进行分类。在训练的第二周和第三周，使用改良的 Harris-Benedict 方程和代谢当量估算每种身体活动分类的活动能量消耗来估算能量消耗。所有数据均以平均值 ± 标准差表示。
共有 111 名男性士兵（身高 = ± 173 ± 5.8 cm，年龄 = 19 ± 2 岁，体重 = 71.6 ± 12.4 kg）完成了饮食日志并佩戴了 Actigraph。新兵基础训练士兵的平均每日低强度训练时间为 273 ± 62 分钟，中等强度训练时间为 107 ± 42 分钟，高强度训练时间为 26 ± 22 分钟，极高强度训练时间为 10 ± 21 分钟。新兵基础训练的第二周和第三周的平均日总能量消耗为 3238 ± 457 千卡/天。与第一周的热量摄入相比，新兵基础训练的第二周和第三周的平均热量摄入不足 595 ± 896 千卡/天。回归分析表明，体重是负能量平衡的显著预测因素（调整后的 R2 = 0.54，p < 0.001），体重每增加 1 公斤，能量亏空 53 千卡。
根据第一周的饮食评估，新兵基础训练士兵在红色阶段（第一周到第三周）没有摄入足够的卡路里和营养物质来满足训练需求。这可能会直接影响士兵的表现和受伤频率。新兵基础训练士兵接受严格的训练，这些数据可能有助于指导未来的营养充足指南，以优化士兵的健康和表现。
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