Institute of Psychology, Otto-von-Guericke University, D-39106, Magdeburg, Germany.
Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, D-39106, Magdeburg, Germany.
Nat Commun. 2018 Nov 28;9(1):5038. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-07456-8.
Adapting to errors quickly is essential for survival. Reaction slowing after errors is commonly observed but whether this slowing is adaptive or maladaptive is unclear. Here, we analyse a large dataset from a flanker task using two complementary approaches: a multistage drift-diffusion model, and the lateralisation of EEG beta power as a time-resolved index of choice formation. Fitted model parameters and their independently measured neuronal proxies in beta power convergently show a complex interplay of multiple mechanisms initiated after mistakes. Suppression of distracting evidence, response threshold increase, and reduction of evidence accumulation cause slow and accurate post-error responses. This data provides evidence for both adaptive control and maladaptive orienting after errors yielding an adaptive net effect - a decreased likelihood to repeat mistakes. Generally, lateralised beta power provides a non-invasive readout of action selection for the study of speeded cognitive control processes.
快速适应错误对于生存至关重要。人们通常观察到错误后反应会变慢，但这种变慢是适应性的还是不良性的尚不清楚。在这里，我们使用两种互补的方法分析了来自侧翼任务的大型数据集：多阶段漂移扩散模型，以及 EEG β功率的侧化作为选择形成的时间分辨指标。拟合模型参数及其在β功率中的独立测量神经元代理都显示出在错误后启动的多种机制的复杂相互作用。抑制干扰证据、增加响应阈值和减少证据积累会导致错误后反应缓慢而准确。这些数据为错误后适应性控制和不良性定向提供了证据，从而产生了适应性的净效应——降低重复错误的可能性。一般来说，侧化β功率为加速认知控制过程的研究提供了一种非侵入性的动作选择读出。
