Hughes David J, Evans Thomas Rhys
Alliance Manchester Business School, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
School of Psychological, Social and Behavioural Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom.
Front Psychol. 2018 Nov 14;9:2155. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02155. eCollection 2018.
Numerous individual differences, models, and measures have been associated with the 'emotional intelligence' (EI) label. This paper discusses one of the most pervasive problems regarding EI-related individual differences, namely, the lack of a meaningful theoretical framework. First, drawing upon existing theoretical frameworks, we argue that EI-related characteristics can be considered constituents of existing models of cognitive ability (ability EI), personality (trait EI), and emotion regulation (EI competencies). Second, having differentiated between these perspectives (ability, personality, and emotion regulation), we draw upon existing theory and research to build the Integrated Model of Affect-related Individual Differences (IMAID), which provides an initial mechanistic representation that explains how the different EI-related constructs are likely to interrelate and coalesce to influence affective outcomes. In essence, the IMAID is an integrated mediation model in which emotion regulation mediates the effects of ability EI and affect-related personality traits upon outcomes. Viewing EI-related constructs as interrelated extensions of well-established individual difference frameworks clarifies some pervasive misconceptions regarding EI-related characteristics and provides scholars and practitioners with a clear and useful theoretical framework ripe for exploration. We conclude by using the IMAID to suggest a theoretically driven agenda for future research.
众多个体差异、模型和测量方法都与“情商”（EI）这一标签相关联。本文讨论了与情商相关的个体差异中最普遍存在的问题之一，即缺乏一个有意义的理论框架。首先，借鉴现有的理论框架，我们认为与情商相关的特征可以被视为现有认知能力模型（能力情商）、人格模型（特质情商）和情绪调节模型（情商能力）的组成部分。其次，在区分了这些视角（能力、人格和情绪调节）之后，我们借鉴现有理论和研究构建了情感相关个体差异综合模型（IMAID），该模型提供了一个初步的机制性表述，解释了不同的与情商相关的构念可能如何相互关联并融合以影响情感结果。从本质上讲，IMAID是一个综合中介模型，其中情绪调节介导了能力情商和与情感相关的人格特质对结果的影响。将与情商相关的构念视为成熟的个体差异框架的相互关联的延伸，澄清了一些关于与情商相关特征的普遍误解，并为学者和从业者提供了一个清晰且有用的、有待探索的理论框架。我们通过使用IMAID为未来研究提出一个理论驱动的议程来结束本文。
