Schönfeld Pia, Brailovskaia Julia, Bieda Angela, Zhang Xiao Chi, Margraf Jürgen
Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany.
Int J Clin Health Psychol. 2016 Jan-Apr;16(1):1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2015.08.005. Epub 2015 Oct 30.
Daily stressors, compared to traumatic events, are increasingly recognized as important risk factors for mental health. The role of general self-efficacy on the relationship between daily stress and aspects of mental health has not yet been examined. Taking into account the dual factor model of mental health, which postulates that mental health is more than the absence of psychopathological symptoms, we tested mediation effects of self-efficacy separately for positive and negative mental health. Total, direct and indirect effects were estimated using data from a large nationally representative German population sample ( = 1,031) by bootstrapped mediation analyses providing 95% bias corrected bootstrap confidence intervals. Results indicated self-efficacy as a mediator of the effects of daily stressors on mental health, with superior effect sizes for positive compared to negative mental health. Mediation effects were replicated in student samples from Germany ( = 394), Russia ( = 604) and China ( = 8,669). Findings suggest that self-efficacy operates as a buffer of daily stress. However, a full mediation model was not supported as multiple psychological resources can have protective effects. This study provides the first transnational evidence for different stress-buffer effects for the two dimensions of mental health.
与创伤性事件相比，日常压力源日益被视为心理健康的重要风险因素。一般自我效能感在日常压力与心理健康各方面之间关系中的作用尚未得到研究。考虑到心理健康的双因素模型，该模型假定心理健康不仅仅是没有精神病理症状，我们分别测试了自我效能感对积极心理健康和消极心理健康的中介作用。通过提供95%偏差校正自抽样置信区间的自抽样中介分析，使用来自具有全国代表性的德国大样本（n = 1031）的数据估计了总效应、直接效应和间接效应。结果表明，自我效能感是日常压力源对心理健康影响的中介变量，对积极心理健康的效应量优于消极心理健康。在来自德国（n = 394）、俄罗斯（n = 604）和中国（n = 8669）的学生样本中重复了中介效应。研究结果表明，自我效能感起到了日常压力缓冲器的作用。然而，由于多种心理资源可能具有保护作用，因此不支持完全中介模型。本研究为心理健康两个维度的不同压力缓冲效应提供了首个跨国证据。
