Kiran Kamini, Agarwal Padmanidhi, Kumar Shailesh, Jain Kanav
Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences(AIIMS), Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.
Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences(AIIMS), Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.
J Cytol. 2018 Oct-Dec;35(4):233-236. doi: 10.4103/JOC.JOC_141_17.
The aim of the study was to provide a quantitative evaluation of oral mucosal micronuclei (MN) frequency as a biomarker for oral cancer susceptibility in carcinogenesis progression.
60 patients were included in the study. 30 patients with biopsy proven epithelial dysplasia (ED, 15) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC, 15) comprised the study group and 30 patients with normal buccal mucosa, reporting for minor surgical procedures formed the controls. After informed consent, exfoliated cells were collected from the affected site using a premoistened wooden spatula and spread on precleaned slides, fixed, stained using modified rapid Papanicolaou method and subjected to microscopic examination. MN were identified and scored according to Tolbert . criteria.
Maximum patients with ED and OSCC were males and in age groups of 20-40 and 40-60 years, respectively. The most common site was the buccal mucosa. The maximum of MN count/500 cells in OSCC group was 11.93, 4.0 in ED and 1.46 in controls, with the mean and mean MN index ± SD distribution in the three groups showing high statistical significance ( = 0.000). A significant difference between mild and moderate ED and between moderately and well-differentiated OSCC was also observed.
MN assays can help in early detection of premalignant and malignant lesions, thereby improving survival and reducing morbidity associated with treatment. MN index is thus a feasible and economical method for screening high-risk populations of oral cancer, to be able to timely identify genomic damage in order to prevent the cancer epidemic.
本研究旨在对口腔黏膜微核（MN）频率进行定量评估，将其作为癌变进展过程中口腔癌易感性的生物标志物。
60例患者纳入本研究。30例经活检证实为上皮发育异常（ED，15例）和口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC，15例）的患者组成研究组，30例颊黏膜正常、因小手术前来就诊的患者作为对照组。在获得知情同意后，使用预先湿润的木质刮匙从患部收集脱落细胞，涂抹在预先清洁过的载玻片上，固定，采用改良快速巴氏染色法染色，然后进行显微镜检查。根据托尔伯特标准识别并计数微核。
ED组和OSCC组中男性患者最多，年龄组分别为20 - 40岁和40 - 60岁。最常见的部位是颊黏膜。OSCC组中微核计数/500细胞的最大值为11.93，ED组为4.0，对照组为1.46，三组的平均微核指数±标准差分布显示出高度统计学意义（P = 0.000）。在轻度和中度ED之间以及中度和高分化OSCC之间也观察到显著差异。
微核检测有助于早期发现癌前病变和恶性病变，从而提高生存率并降低与治疗相关的发病率。因此，微核指数是一种可行且经济的方法，用于筛查口腔癌高危人群，以便能够及时识别基因组损伤，从而预防癌症流行。
