National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, USA.
National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, USA.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2019 Mar 2;90:223-234. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.11.011. Epub 2018 Nov 30.
There is increasing evidence that epigenetic factors play a critical role in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), by mediating the impact of environmental exposures to trauma on the regulation of gene expression. DNA methylation is one epigenetic process that has been highly studied in PTSD. This review will begin by providing an overview of DNA methylation (DNAm) methods, and will then highlight two major biological systems that have been identified in the epigenetic regulation in PTSD: (a) the immune system and (b) the stress response system. In addition to candidate gene approaches, we will review novel strategies to study epigenome-wide PTSD-related effects, including epigenome-wide algorithms that distill information from many loci into a single summary score (e.g., measures of "epigenetic age" which have been associated with PTSD). This review will also cover recent epigenome wide association studies (EWAS) of PTSD, and biological pathway models used to identify gene sets enriched in PTSD. Finally, we address technical and methodological advances and challenges to the field, and highlight exciting directions for future research.
越来越多的证据表明，表观遗传因素在创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）中起着关键作用，通过介导环境创伤暴露对基因表达调控的影响。DNA 甲基化是 PTSD 中研究最多的一种表观遗传过程。这篇综述将首先概述 DNA 甲基化（DNAm）方法，然后重点介绍已确定的 PTSD 表观遗传调控中的两个主要生物系统：（a）免疫系统和（b）应激反应系统。除了候选基因方法外，我们还将回顾研究 PTSD 相关全基因组表观遗传效应的新策略，包括将许多基因座的信息提炼为单个综合评分的全基因组算法（例如，与 PTSD 相关的“表观遗传年龄”测量值）。本综述还将涵盖 PTSD 的全基因组关联研究（EWAS）以及用于识别 PTSD 中富集的基因集的生物途径模型。最后，我们讨论了该领域的技术和方法学进展和挑战，并强调了未来研究的令人兴奋的方向。
