Department of Geography, University of Florida, 3141 Turlington Hall, 330 Newell Dr, Gainesville, FL, 32601, USA.
Núcleo de Meio Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Correa, 01, Guamá, 66075-110, Belém, Pará, Brazil.
Environ Pollut. 2019 Feb;245:844-852. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.10.114. Epub 2018 Nov 5.
Ecosystem services are present everywhere, green vegetation coverage (or green areas) is one of the primary sources of ecosystem services considering urban areas sustainability and peoples urban life quality. Urban vegetation cover loss decreases the capacity of nature to provision ecosystem services; the loss of urban vegetation is also observed within the Amazon. This study aims at identifying urban vegetation loss and relate it to the provision of ecosystem services of reduction of air quality, reduction of air pollution, and climate regulation. Urban vegetation coverage loss was calculated using NDVI on LANDSAT 5 imagery over a 23-year period from 1986 to 2009. NDVI thresholds were arbitrarily selected, and complemented by in locus observation, to establish guidelines for quantitative (area) and qualitative (density) evolution of green cover, divided in six different categories, named as water, bare soil, poor vegetation, moderate vegetation, dense vegetation and very dense vegetation. Data on air pollution, noise pollution and temperature were outsourced from previous works. Measurement show a significant loss of very dense, dense and moderate vegetation coverage and an increase in poor vegetation and bare soil areas, in accordance to increase in air and noise pollution, and local temperature, and provides positive refashions between the loss of urban green coverage and decrease in ecosystem services.
生态系统服务无处不在，绿色植被覆盖（或绿色区域）是城市可持续性和人们城市生活质量的主要生态系统服务来源之一。城市植被覆盖的丧失降低了自然提供生态系统服务的能力；在亚马逊地区也观察到城市植被的丧失。本研究旨在确定城市植被的损失，并将其与提供空气质量降低、空气污染减少和气候调节等生态系统服务联系起来。利用 1986 年至 2009 年期间的 LANDSAT 5 图像上的 NDVI 计算城市植被覆盖的损失。任意选择 NDVI 阈值，并辅以现场观测，以制定定量（面积）和定性（密度）绿色覆盖演变的指南，分为六个不同类别，分别为水、裸土、植被稀疏、植被适中、植被茂密和植被非常茂密。空气污染、噪声污染和温度数据来自以前的工作。测量结果表明，非常茂密、茂密和适中的植被覆盖面积显著减少，而贫瘠植被和裸土面积增加，这与空气和噪声污染以及当地温度的增加相对应，并为城市绿色覆盖的损失与生态系统服务的减少之间提供了积极的关联。
