Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
ISME J. 2019 Apr;13(4):1098-1109. doi: 10.1038/s41396-018-0316-5. Epub 2018 Nov 30.
Water is essential for life on Earth, and an important medium for microbial energy and metabolism. Dormancy is a state of low metabolic activity upon unfavorable conditions. Many microorganisms can switch to a metabolically inactive state after water shortage, and recover once the environmental conditions become favorable again. Here, we resuscitated dormant anammox bacteria from dry terrestrial ecosystems after a resting period of >10 ka by addition of water without any other substrates. Isotopic-tracer analysis showed that water induced nitrate reduction yielding sufficient nitrite as substrate and energy for activating anammox bacteria. Subsequently, dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) provided the substrate ammonium for anammox bacteria. The ammonium and nitrite formed were used to produce dinitrogen gas. High throughput sequencing and network analysis identified Brocadia as the dominant anammox species and a Jettenia species seemed to connect the other community members. Under global climate change, increasing precipitation and soil moisture may revive dormant anammox bacteria in arid soils and thereby impact global nitrogen and carbon cycles.
水是地球上生命的必需品，也是微生物能量和代谢的重要介质。休眠是在不利条件下代谢活动降低的一种状态。许多微生物在缺水后可以切换到代谢不活跃的状态，一旦环境条件再次变得有利，就会恢复。在这里，我们通过添加水而不添加任何其他底物，使干燥陆地生态系统中休眠的厌氧氨氧化菌在休眠期>10ka 后复苏。同位素示踪分析表明，水诱导硝酸盐还原生成足够的亚硝酸盐作为底物和能量，激活厌氧氨氧化菌。随后，异化硝酸盐还原为铵（DNRA）为厌氧氨氧化菌提供了铵基质。形成的铵和亚硝酸盐被用来产生氮气。高通量测序和网络分析确定 Brocadia 为优势厌氧氨氧化菌，而一种 Jettenia 似乎连接了其他群落成员。在全球气候变化下，降水和土壤水分的增加可能会使干旱土壤中的休眠厌氧氨氧化菌复苏，从而影响全球氮和碳循环。
