Momin Behnoosh, Millman Alexander J, Nielsen Danielle Beauchesne, Revels Michelle, Steele C Brooke
Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, MS F-76, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA.
Division of Viral Hepatitis, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Cancer Causes Control. 2018 Dec;29(12):1265-1275. doi: 10.1007/s10552-018-1094-0. Epub 2018 Dec 1.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma, a type of primary liver cancer, and are most prevalent in people born 1945-1965. Relatively little information is available for liver cancer prevention, compared to other cancers. In this review, we provide a summary of current promising public health practices for liver cancer prevention from the literature, as well as liver cancer-related initiatives in the National Comprehensive Cancer Control Program (NCCCP).
Two types of source materials were analyzed for this review: published literature (2005-present), and current cancer plans from the NCCCP (2005-2022). A search strategy was developed to include a review of several scientific databases. Of the 73 articles identified as potentially eligible, 20 articles were eligible for inclusion in the review. Eligible articles were abstracted using a data abstraction tool. Three independent keyword searches on 65 NCCCP plans were conducted. Keyword searches within each of the plans to identify activities related to liver cancer were conducted. Relevant information was abstracted from the plans and saved in a data table.
Of the 20 eligible articles, 15 articles provided information on interventions related to liver cancer and hepatitis B or hepatitis C prevention. All 15 of the intervention articles were related to hepatitis; 13 were hepatitis B-focused, two were hepatitis C-focused, and 14 focused on Asian/Pacific Islander American populations. The independent keyword search of NCCCP plans produced 46 results for liver, 27 results for hepatitis, and 52 results for alcohol. Two plans included activities related to liver cancer. Twenty-four plans included activities related to hepatitis.
A majority of the intervention articles published focused on HBV infection in Asian/Pacific Islander American populations, and a small percentage of NCCCP plans included liver-related content. The findings from this review will inform the development of an Action Plan on liver cancer prevention for the NCCCP, which will assist programs with the adoption and uptake of promising practices for the prevention of liver cancer.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染是肝细胞癌（一种原发性肝癌）的危险因素，在1945年至1965年出生的人群中最为普遍。与其他癌症相比，关于肝癌预防的信息相对较少。在本综述中，我们从文献中总结了当前有前景的肝癌预防公共卫生实践，以及国家综合癌症控制计划（NCCCP）中与肝癌相关的举措。
本综述分析了两种类型的源材料：已发表的文献（2005年至今）和NCCCP的当前癌症计划（2005年至2022年）。制定了搜索策略，包括对几个科学数据库的检索。在确定的73篇可能符合条件的文章中，有20篇文章符合纳入综述的条件。使用数据提取工具对符合条件的文章进行了摘要。对65个NCCCP计划进行了三次独立的关键词搜索。在每个计划中进行关键词搜索以识别与肝癌相关的活动。从计划中提取相关信息并保存在数据表中。
在20篇符合条件的文章中，15篇文章提供了与肝癌及乙肝或丙肝预防相关干预措施的信息。所有15篇干预文章均与肝炎有关；13篇以乙肝为重点，2篇以丙肝为重点，14篇关注亚太裔美国人。对NCCCP计划的独立关键词搜索产生了46个与肝脏相关的结果、27个与肝炎相关的结果和52个与酒精相关的结果。两个计划包含与肝癌相关的活动。24个计划包含与肝炎相关的活动。
大多数已发表的干预文章关注亚太裔美国人中的HBV感染，且NCCCP计划中只有一小部分包含与肝脏相关的内容。本综述的结果将为NCCCP的肝癌预防行动计划的制定提供参考，这将有助于各项目采用和推广有前景的肝癌预防实践。
