发展中国家的营养不足与生长发育
Undernutrition and growth in the developing world.
机构信息
Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Lucille Packard Children's Hospital and Stanford Medical School, Stanford, Palo Alto, California, USA.
出版信息
Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2019 Feb;26(1):32-38. doi: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000461.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Despite targeted interventions, an estimated 150.8 million children under 5 years globally are still stunted, of which more than half live in Asia and more than one-third live in Africa. This review summarizes our current knowledge regarding how longitudinal bone growth is regulated by nutritional intake in the developing world. Dietary macronutrients and micronutrients necessary for growth are also briefly reviewed.
RECENT FINDINGS
Recent advances include investigations of nutritionally sensitive regulators of growth as well as prospective evaluations of the role of specific dietary components on growth in order to better assess their impact.
SUMMARY
Further investigation is required to understand how nutrition impacts growth, the mechanisms underlying stunting and to optimize therapeutic strategies for children who are at risk for growth attenuation or are stunted in low and middle-income countries (LMICs).
目的综述
尽管采取了有针对性的干预措施，但据估计，全球仍有 1.508 亿 5 岁以下儿童发育迟缓，其中一半以上生活在亚洲，三分之一以上生活在非洲。本综述总结了我们目前对于营养摄入如何调节发展中国家儿童纵向骨骼生长的认识。文中还简要回顾了生长所需的膳食宏量营养素和微量营养素。
最新发现
最近的进展包括对营养敏感的生长调节剂的研究，以及对特定膳食成分在生长中的作用的前瞻性评估，以便更好地评估其影响。
总结
为了更好地了解营养对生长的影响、发育迟缓的潜在机制，并优化处于生长衰减风险或在低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs）中发育迟缓的儿童的治疗策略，需要进一步研究。
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