He Zhigui, Mao Renjun, Dong Juan E, Liang Zongsuo, Zhang Haihua, Liu Lin
a College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, P.R. China.
b Institute of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Guilin Tourism University, Guilin 541006, P.R. China.
Can J Microbiol. 2019 Apr;65(4):282-295. doi: 10.1139/cjm-2018-0409. Epub 2018 Dec 3.
Pinellia ternata is a traditional Chinese herb that suffers from continuous cropping (CC), which significantly decreases both yield and quality. The influence of CC on the microbiome in P. ternata rhizosphere and the effects of remediation on microbiota by rotational cropping (CR) were assessed by Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology. CC tends to decrease the α-diversities as a function of cultivation time, whereas CR tends to increase them. Differentially abundant analysis showed that microbial structure was important in maintaining the health status of P. ternata rhizosphere. Results suggested that CC soils were mainly enriched for Pseudomonas, Rhizobium, and Streptophyta operational taxonomic units (OTUs), while the CR soils were mainly enriched for Rhizobium, Pseudomonas, Flavobacterium, Sphingomonas, Rhizobacter, and Arthrobacter OTUs. On the basis of the community dissimilarities, we grouped all sample replicates into three post hoc clusters in which soils were defined as healthy, health-suppressed, and health-depressed soils. The three soil types represented different soil physicochemical properties. The activities of the microbiome features, including ammonia oxidizer, sulfate reducer, nitrite reducer, dehalogenation, xylan degrader, sulfide oxidizer, nitrogen fixation, atrazine metabolism, chitin degradation, degraded aromatic hydrocarbons, and chlorophenol degradation, were also considerably different among the three soils.
半夏是一种传统的中药材，面临连作问题，这会显著降低其产量和质量。通过Illumina高通量测序技术评估了连作对半夏根际微生物群落的影响以及轮作对微生物群的修复效果。随着种植时间的推移，连作往往会降低α多样性，而轮作则往往会增加α多样性。差异丰度分析表明，微生物结构对维持半夏根际的健康状态很重要。结果表明，连作土壤主要富集假单胞菌属、根瘤菌属和链形植物门的可操作分类单元（OTU），而轮作土壤主要富集根瘤菌属、假单胞菌属、黄杆菌属、鞘氨醇单胞菌属、根杆菌属和节杆菌属的OTU。基于群落差异，我们将所有样本重复分为三个事后聚类，其中土壤被定义为健康土壤、健康抑制土壤和健康衰退土壤。这三种土壤类型代表了不同的土壤理化性质。三种土壤中微生物群落特征的活性，包括氨氧化菌、硫酸盐还原菌、亚硝酸盐还原菌、脱卤、木聚糖降解菌、硫化物氧化菌、固氮、阿特拉津代谢、几丁质降解、降解芳烃和氯酚降解，也有很大差异。
