Cen Zixuan, Zheng Yiran, Guo Yuting, Yang Siyin, Dong Yan
College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650000, China.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Mar 8;12(6):1232. doi: 10.3390/plants12061232.
Continuous cultivation of the faba bean will lead to its autotoxicity. Faba bean-wheat intercropping can effectively alleviate the autotoxicity of the faba bean. In order to investigate the autotoxicity of water extracts of various parts of the faba bean, we prepared water extracts of various parts of the faba bean, such as the roots, stems, leaves, and rhizosphere soil. The results showed various parts of the faba bean significantly inhibited the germination of faba bean seeds. The main autotoxins in these parts were analyzed using HPLC. Six autotoxins, namely, -hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, salicylic acid, ferulic acid, benzoic acid, and cinnamic acid, were identified. The exogenous addition of these six autotoxins significantly inhibited the germination of faba bean seeds in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of various levels of nitrogen fertilizer on the autotoxin content and the aboveground dry weight of the faba bean in a faba bean-wheat intercropping system. The application of various levels of nitrogen fertilizer in the faba bean-wheat intercropping system could significantly reduce the content of autotoxins and increase the aboveground dry weight in faba bean, particularly at the N2 level (90 kg/hm). The above results showed that the water extracts of faba bean roots, stems, leaves, and rhizosphere soil inhibited faba bean seed germination. The autotoxicity in faba bean under continuous cropping could be caused by -hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, salicylic acid, ferulic acid, benzoic acid, and cinnamic acid. The autotoxic effects in the faba bean were effectively mitigated by the application of nitrogen fertilizer in a faba bean-wheat intercropping system.
连续种植蚕豆会导致其自毒作用。蚕豆与小麦间作可有效缓解蚕豆的自毒作用。为了研究蚕豆各部位水提取物的自毒作用，我们制备了蚕豆根、茎、叶和根际土壤等各部位的水提取物。结果表明，蚕豆各部位均显著抑制蚕豆种子的萌发。利用高效液相色谱法分析了这些部位中的主要自毒物质。鉴定出六种自毒物质，即对羟基苯甲酸、香草酸、水杨酸、阿魏酸、苯甲酸和肉桂酸。外源添加这六种自毒物质均以浓度依赖的方式显著抑制蚕豆种子的萌发。此外，进行了田间试验，以研究不同施氮水平对蚕豆-小麦间作系统中蚕豆自毒物质含量和地上部干重的影响。在蚕豆-小麦间作系统中施用不同水平的氮肥可显著降低自毒物质含量，并增加蚕豆地上部干重，尤其是在N2水平（90 kg/hm）时。上述结果表明，蚕豆根、茎、叶和根际土壤的水提取物抑制蚕豆种子萌发。连作条件下蚕豆的自毒作用可能由对羟基苯甲酸、香草酸、水杨酸、阿魏酸、苯甲酸和肉桂酸引起。在蚕豆-小麦间作系统中施用氮肥可有效减轻蚕豆的自毒效应。
