Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; email:
Annu Rev Biochem. 2019 Jun 20;88:337-364. doi: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-013118-111717. Epub 2018 Dec 3.
The timely production of functional proteins is of critical importance for the biological activity of cells. To reach the functional state, newly synthesized polypeptides have to become enzymatically processed, folded, and assembled into oligomeric complexes and, for noncytosolic proteins, translocated across membranes. Key activities of these processes occur cotranslationally, assisted by a network of machineries that transiently engage nascent polypeptides at distinct phases of translation. The sequence of events is tuned by intrinsic features of the nascent polypeptides and timely association of factors with the translating ribosome. Considering the dynamics of translation, the heterogeneity of cellular proteins, and the diversity of interaction partners, it is a major cellular achievement that these processes are temporally and spatially so precisely coordinated, minimizing the generation of damaged proteins. This review summarizes the current progress we have made toward a comprehensive understanding of the cotranslational interactions of nascent chains, which pave the way to their functional state.
功能性蛋白质的及时产生对于细胞的生物活性至关重要。为了达到功能状态，新合成的多肽必须经过酶加工、折叠，并组装成寡聚复合物，对于非细胞质蛋白，还必须跨膜转运。这些过程的关键活动发生在共翻译过程中，由一个网络机器协助，该机器在翻译的不同阶段暂时与新生多肽结合。事件的顺序受新生多肽的固有特性和与翻译核糖体及时结合的因素的调节。考虑到翻译的动态性、细胞蛋白质的异质性和相互作用伙伴的多样性，这些过程在时间和空间上如此精确地协调是一个主要的细胞成就，可以最大限度地减少受损蛋白质的产生。这篇综述总结了我们在全面理解新生链共翻译相互作用方面取得的最新进展，为它们向功能状态的转变铺平了道路。
