Tamura Takashi, Kadomatsu Yuka, Tsukamoto Mineko, Okada Rieko, Sasakabe Tae, Kawai Sayo, Hishida Asahi, Hara Megumi, Tanaka Keitaro, Shimoshikiryo Ippei, Takezaki Toshiro, Watanabe Isao, Matsui Daisuke, Nishiyama Takeshi, Suzuki Sadao, Endoh Kaori, Kuriki Kiyonori, Kita Yoshikuni, Katsuura-Kamano Sakurako, Arisawa Kokichi, Ikezaki Hiroaki, Furusyo Norihiro, Koyanagi Yuriko N, Oze Isao, Nakamura Yohko, Mikami Haruo, Naito Mariko, Wakai Kenji
Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya.
Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2018 Nov;97(48):e13241. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000013241.
Brief exposure to passive smoking immediately elevates blood pressure. However, little is known about the association between exposure to passive smoking and chronic hypertension. We aimed to examine this association in a cross-sectional study, after controlling multiple potential confounders.Participants included 32,098 lifetime nonsmokers (7,216 men and 24,882 women) enrolled in the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study. Passive smoking was assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. The single question about exposure to passive smoking had five response options: "sometimes or almost never," "almost every day, 2 hours/day or less," "almost every day, 2 to 4 hours/day," "almost every day, 4 to 6 hours/day," and "almost every day, 6 hours/day or longer." Hypertension was defined as any of the following: systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg, or use of antihypertensive medication. Multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for hypertension were estimated by exposure level to passive smoking using unconditional logistic regression models.The multivariate-adjusted OR for hypertension in those exposed almost every day was 1.11 (95% CI: 1.03-1.20) compared with those exposed sometimes or almost never. The OR for a 1-hour per day increase in exposure was 1.03 (95% CI: 1.01-1.06, Pfor trend = .006). This association was stronger in men than in women; the ORs were 1.08 (95% CI: 1.01-1.15, Pfor trend = .036) and 1.03 (95% CI: 1.00-1.05, Pfor trend = .055), respectively.Our findings suggest importance of tobacco smoke control for preventing hypertension.
短期暴露于被动吸烟环境会立即导致血压升高。然而，对于被动吸烟与慢性高血压之间的关联，人们了解甚少。我们旨在通过一项横断面研究，在控制多个潜在混杂因素后，检验这种关联。
研究对象包括参与日本多机构合作队列研究的32098名终生不吸烟者（7216名男性和24882名女性）。被动吸烟情况通过一份自填式问卷进行评估。关于被动吸烟暴露的单一问题有五个回答选项：“有时或几乎从不”、“几乎每天，每天2小时或更少”、“几乎每天，每天2至4小时”、“几乎每天，每天4至6小时”以及“几乎每天，每天6小时或更长时间”。高血压定义为以下任何一种情况：收缩压≥140 mmHg、舒张压≥90 mmHg或使用降压药物。使用无条件逻辑回归模型，根据被动吸烟暴露水平估计高血压的多变量调整优势比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）。
与有时或几乎从不暴露的人相比，几乎每天暴露的人患高血压的多变量调整OR为1.11（95%CI：1.03 - 1.20）。每天暴露时间每增加1小时，OR为1.03（95%CI：1.01 - 1.06，趋势P = 0.006）。这种关联在男性中比在女性中更强；OR分别为1.08（95%CI：1.01 - 1.15，趋势P = 0.036）和1.03（95%CI：1.00 - 1.05，趋势P = 0.055）。
我们的研究结果表明控制烟草烟雾对于预防高血压具有重要意义。
