Javan Gulnaz T, Finley Sheree J, Tuomisto Sari, Hall Ashley, Benbow M Eric, Mills DeEtta
Physical Sciences Department, Forensic Science Program, Alabama State University, 915 S. Jackson St., Hatch Hall Building Room 251, Montgomery, AL, 36104, USA.
Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
Forensic Sci Med Pathol. 2019 Mar;15(1):75-83. doi: 10.1007/s12024-018-0061-0. Epub 2018 Dec 5.
Death does not occur instantaneously and organs do not decompose at the same rate or in the same way. Nulligravid human uteri and prostate glands are the last internal organs to deteriorate during decomposition; however, the reason for this very important observation is still enigmatic. Recent studies have elucidated that the composition and abundance of microbes in the human thanatomicrobiome (microbiome of death) varies by organ and changes as a function of time and temperature. The ileocecal area has the largest absolute postmortem burden that spreads to the liver and spleen and continues to the heart and brain depending on the cause of death. To truly understand the mechanisms of microbial assembly during decomposition, a thorough examination of different strategies utilized by the trillions of microbes that colonize decaying tissues is needed from a multi-organ and multidisciplinary approach. In this review, we highlight interdisciplinary research and provide an overview of human decomposition investigations of thanatomicrobiomic changes in internal organs.
死亡并非瞬间发生，器官的分解速度和方式也不尽相同。未孕女性子宫和前列腺是尸体分解过程中最后恶化的内部器官；然而，这一非常重要的观察结果背后的原因仍然成谜。最近的研究表明，人类死亡微生物组（死亡时的微生物组）中微生物的组成和丰度因器官而异，并随时间和温度而变化。回盲部的死后微生物绝对负荷量最大，会扩散到肝脏和脾脏，并根据死因继续扩散至心脏和大脑。为了真正理解尸体分解过程中微生物聚集的机制，需要从多器官和多学科的角度，对定植于腐烂组织的数万亿微生物所采用的不同策略进行全面研究。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍跨学科研究，并概述对内部器官死亡微生物组变化进行的人体分解调查。
