Bamford Nicholas J, Potter Samantha J, Baskerville Courtnay L, Harris Patricia A, Bailey Simon R
Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria, Australia.
Equine Studies Group, WALTHAM Centre for Pet Nutrition, Melton Mowbray, Leicestershire, United Kingdom.
J Vet Intern Med. 2019 Jan;33(1):280-286. doi: 10.1111/jvim.15374. Epub 2018 Dec 5.
The importance of including exercise with dietary modification for the management of obese equids is not clearly understood.
To evaluate the effect of a practical low-intensity exercise regimen, in addition to dietary restriction, on indices of insulin sensitivity (SI) and plasma adipokine concentrations in obese equids.
Twenty-four obese (body condition score [BCS] ≥ 7/9) horses and ponies.
Over a 12-week period, animals received either dietary restriction only (DIET) or dietary restriction plus low-intensity exercise (DIET+EX). All animals were provided with a restricted ration of grass hay at 1.25% body weight (BW) on a dry matter basis, providing 82.5% estimated digestible energy requirements. The DIET+EX group undertook low-intensity exercise 5 days per week on an automated horse walker. Before and after weight loss, total body fat mass (TBFM) was determined, indices of SI were calculated using minimal model analysis of a frequently sampled IV glucose tolerance test, and adipokines plus inflammatory biomarkers were measured using validated assays.
Decreases in BCS, BW, and TBFM were similar between groups (all P > .05). After weight loss, animals in both groups had decreased basal insulin and leptin concentrations, and increased adiponectin concentrations (all P < .001). Furthermore, animals in the DIET+EX group had significantly improved SI and decreased serum amyloid A concentrations relative to animals in the DIET group (both P = .01).
Regular low-intensity exercise provided additional health benefits compared with dietary restriction alone in this population of obese equids.
对于肥胖马属动物的管理，将运动与饮食调整相结合的重要性尚未得到明确认识。
评估除饮食限制外，实用的低强度运动方案对肥胖马属动物胰岛素敏感性指数（SI）和血浆脂肪因子浓度的影响。
24匹肥胖（体况评分[BCS]≥7/9）的马和矮种马。
在12周的时间里，动物要么仅接受饮食限制（DIET），要么接受饮食限制加低强度运动（DIET+EX）。所有动物均按干物质计算，以体重的1.25%给予限量的禾本科干草，提供估计能量需求的82.5%。DIET+EX组每周5天在自动遛马机上进行低强度运动。在体重减轻前后，测定全身脂肪量（TBFM），使用频繁采样的静脉葡萄糖耐量试验的最小模型分析计算SI指数，并使用经过验证的检测方法测量脂肪因子和炎症生物标志物。
两组之间BCS、体重和TBFM的降低相似（所有P>.05）。体重减轻后，两组动物的基础胰岛素和瘦素浓度均降低，脂联素浓度升高（所有P<.001）。此外，与DIET组动物相比，DIET+EX组动物的SI显著改善，血清淀粉样蛋白A浓度降低（两者P=.01）。
在这群肥胖马属动物中，与单纯饮食限制相比，定期低强度运动可带来额外的健康益处。
