Mancianti F, Meciani N
Dipartimento di Patologia Animale, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università di Pisa, Italy.
Am J Vet Res. 1988 Aug;49(8):1409-11.
The increased prevalence of leishmaniasis in dogs in Mediterranean countries has necessitated use of a reliable specific method of immunodiagnosis. Research was carried out on 88 dogs, among which were 26 with severe clinical leishmaniasis (group A), 15 with mild signs of disease (group B), and 11 without signs of disease (group C); in addition, 15 were healthy (group D) and 21 were affected with various other diseases (group E). Dogs of groups D and E were used as controls. Infection was confirmed by cultural isolation of the parasite. Serotests that were used included the indirect immune fluorescent (IFAT) and indirect hemagglutination (IHAT) tests and counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIEP); using these tests, specific antibodies against Leishmania infantum were detected in all 88 dogs. Sensitivity of the IFAT was 100% in dogs of groups A, B, and C; for the IHAT, it was 65.38%, 60%, and 54.5%, respectively, and for CIEP, it was 96.1%, 80%, and 72.7%, respectively. For dogs of groups D and E, specificity of the IFAT and IHAT was 100%, and for CIEP, it was 100% for group-D dogs and 90.5 for group-E dogs. Indirect immunofluorescence appeared to be the most specific and sensitive of the 3 tests.
地中海国家犬类利什曼病患病率的上升使得必须采用可靠的特异性免疫诊断方法。对88只犬进行了研究，其中26只患有严重临床利什曼病（A组），15只患有轻度疾病症状（B组），11只无疾病症状（C组）；此外，15只为健康犬（D组），21只患有各种其他疾病（E组）。D组和E组的犬用作对照。通过寄生虫的培养分离确诊感染。所使用的血清学检测包括间接免疫荧光（IFAT）、间接血凝（IHAT）试验和对流免疫电泳（CIEP）；使用这些检测方法，在所有88只犬中均检测到针对婴儿利什曼原虫的特异性抗体。IFAT在A、B和C组犬中的敏感性为100%；对于IHAT，分别为65.38%、60%和54.5%，对于CIEP，分别为96.1%、80%和72.7%。对于D组和E组的犬，IFAT和IHAT的特异性为100%，对于CIEP，D组犬为100%，E组犬为90.5%。间接免疫荧光似乎是这3种检测中最具特异性和敏感性的。
