Boon Ian S, Au Yong Tracy P T, Boon Cheng S
Department of Clinical Oncology, Leeds Cancer Centre, St James's Institute of Oncology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK.
Department of Radiology, Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester WR5 1DD, UK.
Medicines (Basel). 2018 Dec 11;5(4):131. doi: 10.3390/medicines5040131.
The fields of radiotherapy and clinical oncology have been rapidly changed by the advances of technology. Improvement in computer processing power and imaging quality heralded precision radiotherapy allowing radiotherapy to be delivered efficiently, safely and effectively for patient benefit. Artificial intelligence (AI) is an emerging field of computer science which uses computer models and algorithms to replicate human-like intelligence and perform specific tasks which offers a huge potential to healthcare. We reviewed and presented the history, evolution and advancement in the fields of radiotherapy, clinical oncology and machine learning. Radiotherapy target delineation is a complex task of outlining tumour and organ at risks volumes to allow accurate delivery of radiotherapy. We discussed the radiotherapy planning, treatment delivery and reviewed how technology can help with this challenging process. We explored the evidence and clinical application of machine learning to radiotherapy. We concluded on the challenges, possible future directions and potential collaborations to achieve better outcome for cancer patients.
放疗和临床肿瘤学领域已因技术进步而迅速改变。计算机处理能力和成像质量的提高预示着精确放疗的到来，使放疗能够高效、安全且有效地实施，从而造福患者。人工智能（AI）是计算机科学的一个新兴领域，它使用计算机模型和算法来复制类人智能并执行特定任务，这为医疗保健带来了巨大潜力。我们回顾并介绍了放疗、临床肿瘤学和机器学习领域的历史、演变及进展。放疗靶区勾画是一项复杂的任务，即勾勒出肿瘤和危及器官的体积，以实现放疗的精确实施。我们讨论了放疗计划、治疗实施，并回顾了技术如何有助于这一具有挑战性的过程。我们探讨了机器学习在放疗中的证据及临床应用。我们总结了面临的挑战、可能的未来方向以及为癌症患者取得更好治疗效果的潜在合作。
