Department of Environmental Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan.
Japan Environment and Children's Study, UOEH Subunit Center, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan.
Environ Health Prev Med. 2018 Dec 14;23(1):62. doi: 10.1186/s12199-018-0753-9.
Few studies have examined the association of workhours and shift work (referred to here as "time-related work factors") with dietary behaviors. We aimed to investigate this association, as well as the dietary behaviors among individuals with occupations characterized by time-related work factors.
A cross-sectional study was performed using data from the Japan Environment and Children's Study. The study included 39,315 working men. Dietary behaviors (i.e., skipping breakfast, eating out, eating instant food, overeating, and eating fast) were assessed with a self-reported information from the Food Frequency Questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the associations of time-related work factors with dietary behaviors and dietary behavior tendencies among those in occupations characterized by long workhours and/or shift work.
Long workhours were associated with high frequencies of skipping breakfast, eating out, eating instant food, overeating, and eating fast. The frequency of having shift work was associated with high frequencies of skipping breakfast, eating out, and eating instant food. Several occupations involving long workhours and/or shift work showed specific dietary behaviors; in some occupations, the level of significance changed after adjusting for time-related work factors in addition to other potential confounding factors.
Time-related work factors may help explain workers' dietary behaviors. Long workhours and shift work may lead to poor dietary behaviors. Other factors influenced by occupation itself, such as food environment, may also influence workers' dietary behaviors. Workhours and/or shift work, and these other work factors, should be given attention in workplace health promotion.
很少有研究调查工作时间和轮班工作（此处称为“与时间相关的工作因素”）与饮食行为之间的关系。我们旨在调查这种关联，以及具有与时间相关的工作因素的职业人群的饮食行为。
本研究使用来自日本环境与儿童研究的数据进行了一项横断面研究。研究纳入了 39315 名男性劳动者。饮食行为（即不吃早餐、外出就餐、食用方便食品、暴饮暴食和快餐）通过食物频率问卷的自我报告信息进行评估。采用逻辑回归分析，调查与时间相关的工作因素与那些工作时间长和/或轮班工作的人群的饮食行为和饮食行为倾向之间的关联。
工作时间长与不吃早餐、外出就餐、食用方便食品、暴饮暴食和快餐的高频率有关。轮班工作的频率与不吃早餐、外出就餐和食用方便食品的高频率有关。一些涉及长时间工作和/或轮班工作的职业表现出特定的饮食行为；在某些职业中，在除了其他潜在混杂因素之外，还调整了与时间相关的工作因素后，这种关联的显著性水平发生了变化。
与时间相关的工作因素可能有助于解释工人的饮食行为。工作时间长和轮班工作可能导致不良的饮食行为。受职业本身影响的其他因素，如食物环境，也可能影响工人的饮食行为。工作时间和/或轮班工作以及这些其他工作因素应在工作场所健康促进中得到重视。
