Wiederhold Nathan P, Gibas Connie F C
Fungus Testing Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
J Fungi (Basel). 2018 Dec 16;4(4):138. doi: 10.3390/jof4040138.
Fungal taxonomy is the branch of mycology by which we classify and group fungi based on similarities or differences. Historically, this was done by morphologic characteristics and other phenotypic traits. However, with the advent of the molecular age in mycology, phylogenetic analysis based on DNA sequences has replaced these classic means for grouping related species. This, along with the abandonment of the dual nomenclature system, has led to a marked increase in the number of new species and reclassification of known species. Although these evaluations and changes are necessary to move the field forward, there is concern among medical mycologists that the rapidity by which fungal nomenclature is changing could cause confusion in the clinical literature. Thus, there is a proposal to allow medical mycologists to adopt changes in taxonomy and nomenclature at a slower pace. In this review, changes in the taxonomy and nomenclature of medically relevant fungi will be discussed along with the impact this may have on clinicians and patient care. Specific examples of changes and current controversies will also be given.
真菌分类学是真菌学的一个分支，我们通过它根据真菌的异同对其进行分类和分组。从历史上看，这是通过形态特征和其他表型特征来完成的。然而，随着真菌学分子时代的到来，基于DNA序列的系统发育分析已经取代了这些对相关物种进行分组的经典方法。这一点，再加上双命名系统的废弃，导致新物种数量显著增加，已知物种也被重新分类。尽管这些评估和变化对于推动该领域的发展是必要的，但医学真菌学家担心真菌命名法变化的速度可能会在临床文献中造成混乱。因此，有人提议允许医学真菌学家以较慢的速度采用分类学和命名法的变化。在这篇综述中，将讨论与医学相关真菌的分类学和命名法的变化，以及这可能对临床医生和患者护理产生的影响。还将给出变化的具体例子和当前的争议。
