二十一世纪初，欧洲和北美的青少年物质使用量下降：是数字革命的结果吗？
The decline in adolescent substance use across Europe and North America in the early twenty-first century: A result of the digital revolution?
机构信息
Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.140, 3508 TC, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
出版信息
Int J Public Health. 2019 Mar;64(2):229-240. doi: 10.1007/s00038-018-1182-7. Epub 2018 Dec 17.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Increases in electronic media communication (EMC) and decreases in face-to-face peer contact in the evening (FTF) have been thought to explain the recent decline in adolescent substance use (alcohol, tobacco, cannabis). This study addresses this hypothesis, by examining associations between (time trends in) EMC, FTF, and substance use in more than 25 mainly European countries.
METHODS
Using 2002-2014 data from the international Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study, we ran multilevel logistic regression analyses to investigate the above associations.
RESULTS
National declines in substance use were associated with declines in FTF, but not with increases in EMC. At the individual level, both EMC and FTF related positively to substance use. For alcohol and cannabis use, the positive association with EMC was stronger in more recent years. Associations between EMC and substance use varied across countries, but this variation could not be explained by the proportion of young people using EMC within countries.
CONCLUSIONS
Our research suggests that the decrease in FTF, but not the increase in EMC, plays a role in the recent decrease in adolescent substance use.
摘要
目的
人们认为，电子媒体交流（EMC）的增加和晚上面对面同伴接触（FTF）的减少，解释了青少年物质使用（酒精、烟草、大麻）最近的下降。本研究通过检查欧洲主要国家 2002-2014 年期间 EMC、FTF 和物质使用之间的关联，来验证这一假说。
方法
本研究使用了国际学生健康行为纵向调查（HBSC）2002-2014 年的数据，采用多水平逻辑回归分析来调查上述关联。
结果
物质使用的国家下降与 FTF 的下降有关，而与 EMC 的增加无关。在个体水平上，EMC 和 FTF 均与物质使用呈正相关。对于酒精和大麻的使用，与 EMC 的正相关关系在最近几年更为强烈。EMC 与物质使用之间的关联在不同国家之间存在差异，但这种差异不能用国家内部使用 EMC 的年轻人比例来解释。
结论
我们的研究表明，FTF 的减少而不是 EMC 的增加，在青少年物质使用最近下降中起作用。
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