Gomes Thiago Santos, Gjiknuri Julia, Magnet Angela, Vaccaro Lucianna, Ollero Dolores, Izquierdo Fernando, Fenoy Soledad, Hurtado Carolina, Del Águila Carmen
Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain.
CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasília, Brazil.
Front Microbiol. 2018 Dec 5;9:2962. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02962. eCollection 2018.
The genus comprises more than 60 species, and about half are associated with infection. is the most commonly associated with these infections and by far the most studied, but non- species, such as , , etc., may also present clinical importance. Free-living amoebae are their preferred environmental host, where these bacteria not only survive but also succeed in multiplying, and this relationship can lead to an increase in bacterial virulence. The goal of this study was to evaluate the alterations of pathogenicity due to its interaction with . For this, the expression of protein effectors SdhA, LegK2, and SidK were evaluated in and , before and after infecting . Additionally, the host response was evaluated by measuring the production of IL-6, IL-8, and IFN-γ in infected macrophages. Regarding the virulence factors, an increase in SdhA expression was observed after these bacteria infected , with a higher increase in the macrophage cultures infected with . Also, an increase in the expression of LegK2 was observed after infecting , but it was more intense in the cultures infected with . With regard to SidK, it was increased in after infecting , however the same effect was not observed for . In cytokine production, the effect on IL-6 and IL-8 was similar for both cytokines, increasing their concentration, but higher production was observed in the cultures infected with , even though it demonstrated slightly lower production with the inoculum obtained from . Concerning IFN-γ, induction was observed in both species but higher in the infection by . Nevertheless, it is not known if this induction is enough to promote an efficient immune response against either or . Altogether, these alterations seem to increase virulence after infecting . However, this increase does not seem to turn as virulent as . More studies are necessary to understand the aspects influenced in these bacteria by their interaction with and, thus, identify targets to be used in future therapeutic approaches.
该属包含60多个物种，约一半与感染有关。 是最常与这些感染相关的，也是迄今为止研究最多的，但非 物种，如 、 等，也可能具有临床重要性。自由生活的变形虫是它们首选的环境宿主，这些细菌不仅在其中存活，还能成功繁殖，这种关系可能导致细菌毒力增加。本研究的目的是评估 与 相互作用导致的 致病性变化。为此，在感染 之前和之后，评估了蛋白质效应器SdhA、LegK2和SidK在 和 中的表达。此外，通过测量感染巨噬细胞中IL-6、IL-8和IFN-γ的产生来评估宿主反应。关于毒力因子，这些细菌感染 后观察到SdhA表达增加，感染巨噬细胞培养物中的增加更高。感染 后也观察到LegK2表达增加，但在感染 的培养物中更强烈。关于SidK，感染 后其在 中增加，然而在 中未观察到相同效果。在细胞因子产生方面，两种细胞因子对IL-6和IL-8的影响相似，其浓度增加，但在感染 的培养物中观察到更高的产生，尽管从 获得的接种物显示产生略低。关于IFN-γ，在两种物种中均观察到诱导，但在 感染中更高。然而，尚不清楚这种诱导是否足以促进针对 或 的有效免疫反应。总之，这些变化似乎在感染 后增加了 毒力。然而，这种增加似乎并没有使 变得与 一样毒力强。需要更多研究来了解这些细菌与 相互作用所影响的方面，从而确定未来治疗方法中使用的靶点。
