Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; Health Services Research and Development Unit, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California.
Clinical Excellence Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Am J Prev Med. 2019 Jan;56(1):141-146. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2018.09.006.
Older adults are a rapidly growing segment of the U.S.
Mobility problems that lead to further disability can be addressed through physical activity interventions. Quality of life outcome results are reported from a large trial of physical activity for sedentary older adults at risk for mobility disability.
Data were from the Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders study. This multisite RCT compared physical activity to health education among 1,635 randomly assigned sedentary older adults at risk for mobility disability in 2010-2011. Measures included demographics; comorbidity; a timed 400-meter walk; the Short Physical Performance Battery; and the Quality of Well-Being Scale (0-1.0 scale). Baseline and long-term follow-up (2.6 years) health-related quality of life data were collected as a secondary outcome. Multivariate linear regression modeling was used to examine covariates of health-related quality of life over time in 2017.
The sample had an overall mean Quality of Well-Being score of 0.613. Both groups declined in quality of life over time, but assignment to the physical activity intervention resulted in a slower decline in health-related quality of life scores (p=0.03). Intervention attendance was associated with higher health-related quality of life for both groups. Baseline characteristics including younger age, fewer comorbid conditions, non-white ethnicity, and faster 400-meter walk times were also associated with higher health-related quality of life over time.
Declining mobility measured by physical performance is associated with lower quality of life in sedentary older adults. Physical activity interventions can slow the decline in quality of life, and targeting specific subgroups may enhance the effects of such interventions.
美国人口中老年人的比例正在迅速增长。
导致进一步残疾的行动问题可以通过身体活动干预来解决。本研究报告了一项针对有行动障碍风险的久坐不动的老年人进行身体活动的大型试验的生活质量结果。
数据来自生活方式干预和老年人独立研究。这项多中心 RCT 比较了身体活动与健康教育对 2010-2011 年间 1635 名有行动障碍风险的久坐不动的老年人的影响。措施包括人口统计学；合并症；400 米计时步行；简短体能测试；以及生活质量量表（0-1.0 分）。基线和长期随访（2.6 年）收集了健康相关生活质量的次要结果数据。2017 年，采用多元线性回归模型检验了健康相关生活质量随时间变化的协变量。
样本的总体生活质量得分为 0.613。两组的生活质量都随时间下降，但身体活动干预组的健康相关生活质量下降速度较慢（p=0.03）。两组的干预参与度与健康相关生活质量呈正相关。基线特征，包括年龄较小、合并症较少、非白种人以及 400 米步行速度较快，也与健康相关生活质量随时间的改善呈正相关。
身体机能下降与久坐不动的老年人生活质量较低有关。身体活动干预可以减缓生活质量的下降，针对特定亚组可能会增强此类干预的效果。
