Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Reproduction. 2019 Mar;157(3):235-243. doi: 10.1530/REP-18-0556.
Lipid droplets (LD) provide a source of energy, and their importance during embryogenesis has been increasingly recognized. In particular, pig embryos have larger amounts of intercellular lipid bilayers than other mammalian species, suggesting that porcine embryos are more dependent on lipid metabolic pathways. The objective of the present study was to detect the effect of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase 1 (SCD1) on LD formation and to associate these effects with the mRNA abundance of LD formation-related genes (SREBP, ARF1, COPG2, PLD1 and ERK2) in in vitro-produced porcine embryos. To determine the effect of SCD1 on LD formation and related genes, we examined the effects of SCD1 inhibition using CAY10566 (an SCD1 inhibitor, 50 μM) on parthenogenetic embryos. SCD1 inhibition downregulated the mRNA levels of LD formation-related genes and embryo development. Our results revealed that SCD1 functions in the regulation of LD formation via phospholipid formation and embryo development. In addition, we treated parthenogenetic embryos with oleic acid (100 μM), which led to a significant increase in the blastocyst formation rate, LD size and number compared to controls. Remarkably, the adverse effects of the SCD1 inhibitor could be counteracted by oleic acid. These data suggest that porcine embryos can use exogenous oleic acid as a metabolic energy source.
脂滴（LD）提供能量来源，其在胚胎发生过程中的重要性日益受到重视。特别是，猪胚胎比其他哺乳动物物种具有更多的细胞间脂质双层，这表明猪胚胎对脂质代谢途径的依赖性更强。本研究的目的是检测硬脂酰辅酶 A 去饱和酶 1（SCD1）对 LD 形成的影响，并将这些影响与体外生产的猪胚胎中与 LD 形成相关的基因（SREBP、ARF1、COPG2、PLD1 和 ERK2）的 mRNA 丰度相关联。为了确定 SCD1 对 LD 形成和相关基因的影响，我们使用 CAY10566（一种 SCD1 抑制剂，50 μM）检测了 SCD1 抑制对孤雌胚胎的影响。SCD1 抑制下调了与 LD 形成相关的基因的 mRNA 水平和胚胎发育。我们的结果表明，SCD1 通过磷脂形成和胚胎发育来调节 LD 形成。此外，我们用油酸（100 μM）处理孤雌胚胎，与对照组相比，囊胚形成率、LD 大小和数量显著增加。值得注意的是，油酸可以抵消 SCD1 抑制剂的不良影响。这些数据表明，猪胚胎可以将外源性油酸用作代谢能量来源。
