Lipinska Paulina, Pawlak Piotr, Warzych Ewelina
Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2023 May 12;11:1187832. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1187832. eCollection 2023.
Mammalian embryo development is affected by multiple metabolism processes, among which energy metabolism seems to be crucial. Therefore the ability and the scale of lipids storage in different preimplantation stages might affect embryos quality. The aim of the present studies was to show a complex characterization of lipid droplets (LD) during subsequent embryo developmental stages. It was performed on two species (bovine and porcine) as well as on embryos with different embryo origin [after fertilization (IVF) and after parthenogenetic activation (PA)]. Embryos after IVF/PA were collected at precise time points of development at the following stages: zygote, 2-cell, 4-cell, 8/16-cell, morula, early blastocyst, expanded blastocyst. LD were stained with BODIPY 493/503 dye, embryos were visualized under a confocal microscope and images were analyzed with the ImageJ Fiji software. The following parameters were analyzed: lipid content, LD number, LD size and LD area within the total embryo. The most important results show that lipid parameters in the IVF vs. PA bovine embryos differ at the most crucial moments of embryonic development (zygote, 8-16-cell, blastocyst), indicating possible dysregulations of lipid metabolism in PA embryos. When bovine vs. porcine species are compared, we observe higher lipid content around EGA stage and lower lipid content at the blastocyst stage for bovine embryos, which indicates different demand for energy depending on the species. We conclude that lipid droplets parameters significantly differ among developmental stages and between species but also can be affected by the genome origin.
哺乳动物胚胎发育受多种代谢过程影响，其中能量代谢似乎至关重要。因此，不同着床前阶段脂质储存的能力和规模可能会影响胚胎质量。本研究的目的是展示后续胚胎发育阶段脂滴（LD）的复杂特征。研究在两个物种（牛和猪）以及不同胚胎来源的胚胎上进行[受精后（IVF）和孤雌激活后（PA）]。IVF/PA后的胚胎在发育的精确时间点收集，处于以下阶段：合子、2细胞、4细胞、8/16细胞、桑葚胚、早期囊胚、扩张囊胚。用BODIPY 493/503染料对脂滴进行染色，在共聚焦显微镜下观察胚胎，并使用ImageJ Fiji软件分析图像。分析了以下参数：脂质含量、脂滴数量、脂滴大小以及整个胚胎内的脂滴面积。最重要的结果表明，在胚胎发育的最关键阶段（合子、8 - 16细胞、囊胚），IVF与PA牛胚胎的脂质参数存在差异，这表明PA胚胎中脂质代谢可能存在失调。当比较牛和猪这两个物种时，我们观察到牛胚胎在胚胎基因组激活（EGA）阶段周围的脂质含量较高，而在囊胚阶段的脂质含量较低，这表明不同物种对能量的需求不同。我们得出结论，脂滴参数在发育阶段之间以及物种之间存在显著差异，但也可能受到基因组来源的影响。
