Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Molecular Motors, Bioscience Department, School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2018 Dec 21;13(12):e0202784. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202784. eCollection 2018.
Visceral lipid accumulation, organ hypertrophy and a reduction in skeletal muscle strength are all signs associated with the severity of obesity-related disease. Intermittent fasting (IF) and high-intensity intermittent exercise (HIIE) are natural strategies that, individually, can prevent and help treat obesity along with metabolic syndrome and its associated diseases. However, the combinatorial effect of IF and HIIE on energetic metabolism is currently not well understood. We hypothesized that their combination could have a potential for more than strictly additive benefits. Here, we show that two months of every-other-day intermittent fasting regimen combined with a high-intensity intermittent exercise protocol (IF/HIIE) produced a synergistic effect, enhancing physical endurance (vs. control, HIIE and IF) and optimizing metabolic pathways of energy production in male Wistar rats. The IF/HIIE group presented enhanced glucose tolerance (vs. control, HIIE and IF), lower levels of plasma insulin (vs. control and HIIE), and a global activation of low Km hexokinases in liver (vs. control, HIIE and IF), heart (vs. control and HIIE) and skeletal muscle (vs. control, HIIE and IF). The IF/HIIE synergism, rather than a simply additive effect, is evidenced by increase in muscle mass and cross-section area, activation of the FoF1 ATP synthase, and the gain of characteristics suggestive of augmented mitochondrial mass and efficiency observed in this group. Finally, important reductions in plasma oxidative stress markers were present preferentially in IF/HIIE group. These findings provide new insights for the implementation of non-pharmaceutical strategies to prevent/treat metabolic syndrome and associated diseases.
内脏脂肪堆积、器官肥大和骨骼肌力量下降都是与肥胖相关疾病严重程度相关的标志。间歇性禁食（IF）和高强度间歇训练（HIIE）是两种自然策略，它们可以单独预防和帮助治疗肥胖症以及代谢综合征及其相关疾病。然而，IF 和 HIIE 对能量代谢的组合效应目前还不太清楚。我们假设它们的组合可能具有超过严格加性益处的潜力。在这里，我们表明，每隔一天的间歇性禁食方案与高强度间歇训练方案（IF/HIIE）相结合两个月，会产生协同作用，提高身体耐力（与对照组、HIIE 和 IF 相比），并优化雄性 Wistar 大鼠能量产生的代谢途径。IF/HIIE 组表现出增强的葡萄糖耐量（与对照组、HIIE 和 IF 相比）、较低的血浆胰岛素水平（与对照组和 HIIE 相比），以及肝脏（与对照组、HIIE 和 IF 相比）、心脏（与对照组和 HIIE 相比）和骨骼肌（与对照组、HIIE 和 IF 相比）中低 Km 己糖激酶的全面激活。IF/HIIE 的协同作用，而不是简单的加性效应，体现在肌肉质量和横截面积的增加、FoF1 ATP 合酶的激活，以及在该组中观察到的增加的线粒体质量和效率的特征增益。最后，IF/HIIE 组中存在的血浆氧化应激标志物的重要减少优先出现。这些发现为实施非药物策略预防/治疗代谢综合征及其相关疾病提供了新的见解。
