Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Taiwan Kaohsiung Juvenile and Family Court, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy. 2018 Dec 22;13(1):50. doi: 10.1186/s13011-018-0188-8.
Understanding the relapse risk among different illicit drugs is vital for developing an adequate relapse prevention policy. Therefore, the current study aims to explore the potential difference in long-term relapse rates between youths who use ketamine and those who use stimulants (3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine [MDMA] or methamphetamine).
The study's participants included 92 youths with ketamine use (ketamine group, mean age: 16.0 years) and 43 youths with MDMA/methamphetamine use (stimulants group, mean age: 16.1 years) that had undergone a family-oriented treatment program in a medical center in Taiwan. All participants were followed up for a maximum of 7 years in order to observe their long-term outcomes with regard to substance use relapse.
During the follow-up period, compared to the 34.8% relapse rate in ketamine users, their counterparts who used MDMA or methamphetamine had a significantly higher relapse rate (60.5%, Adjusted HR = 1.86, 95%CI: 1.06-3.28, p = 0.032). Of the youths in the ketamine group that relapsed, 65.6% continued to use ketamine in their relapse event, while 34.4% switched to MDMA or methamphetamine. Among the relapsing youths in the stimulants group, 84.6% continued to use MDMA or methamphetamine in their relapse event, while 15.4% switched to ketamine (p = 0.042).
Compared to adolescents who use ketamine, those using MDMA or methamphetamine had higher relapse rates and were more likely to use the same type of drug upon relapsing. These results can serve as a crucial reference for developing relapse prevention policies of illicit drugs for the youth population.
了解不同非法药物的复发风险对于制定适当的复发预防政策至关重要。因此，本研究旨在探讨使用氯胺酮和使用兴奋剂（3,4-亚甲二氧基甲基苯丙胺[MDMA]或甲基苯丙胺）的年轻人之间长期复发率的潜在差异。
本研究的参与者包括 92 名使用氯胺酮的年轻人（氯胺酮组，平均年龄：16.0 岁）和 43 名使用 MDMA/甲基苯丙胺的年轻人（兴奋剂组，平均年龄：16.1 岁），他们在台湾的一家医疗中心接受了以家庭为导向的治疗计划。所有参与者的随访时间最长为 7 年，以观察他们在物质使用复发方面的长期结果。
在随访期间，与氯胺酮使用者 34.8%的复发率相比，使用 MDMA 或甲基苯丙胺的同龄人复发率显著更高（调整后的 HR=1.86，95%CI：1.06-3.28，p=0.032）。在氯胺酮组复发的年轻人中，65.6%在复发事件中继续使用氯胺酮，而 34.4%转为使用 MDMA 或甲基苯丙胺。在兴奋剂组复发的年轻人中，84.6%在复发事件中继续使用 MDMA 或甲基苯丙胺，而 15.4%转为使用氯胺酮（p=0.042）。
与使用氯胺酮的青少年相比，使用 MDMA 或甲基苯丙胺的青少年复发率更高，并且在复发时更有可能使用相同类型的药物。这些结果可以为制定针对青年人群体的非法药物复发预防政策提供重要参考。
