Kouam Marc K, Ngueguim Fabrice D, Kantzoura Vaia
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 188, Dschang, Cameroon.
Center for Research on Filariasis and Other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), P.O. Box 5797, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
J Parasitol Res. 2018 Nov 21;2018:8242486. doi: 10.1155/2018/8242486. eCollection 2018.
Internal parasites are limiting factors to successful, sustainable livestock production. Knowledge on how they are dealt with is important to prevent resistance to anthelmintics. The aim of this study was to describe the internal parasitism of indoor pigs in Bamboutos Division in Cameroon, as well as the attendant worm control practices. Thus, 324 pigs from 50 small scale farms were sampled for feces which were qualitatively and quantitatively examined for parasite eggs, cysts, or oocysts. Data on worm control practices were also collected. The overall prevalence was 74.7% (95 % Confidence Interval (CI): 69.6-79.3%) and the overall mean egg/oocyst per gram of feces (epg/opg) was 304.1±1218.0. The following parasites were found: Strongylid parasites (58.6%; epg= 105.0±134.7); Coccidia (26.9; opg=517.2± 1862.1); (25.9%; epg=61.9± 40.8); (3.7%. epg=50±0); sp (0.9%; epg=50±0); (0.9%; epg=50±0); and (0.62%; epg=50±0). Single to septuple infestations occurred. The majority of farmers resorted to modern veterinary services (64%) and mostly used conventional drugs (88%). Internal parasitism was associated with the person in charge of animal health, the implementation of a prophylaxis program on the farm, and the annual deworming frequency. The implementation of a prophylaxis program significantly reduced the overall egg/oocyst load while high treatment frequency (more than thrice a year) did not, indicating that prophylaxis measures such as general hygiene must be reinforced in pig herds in the country, and the treatment frequency reduced as much as possible to prevent the selection of anthelmintic resistance.
体内寄生虫是成功、可持续的畜牧业生产的限制因素。了解如何应对这些寄生虫对于防止产生抗驱虫药的能力很重要。本研究的目的是描述喀麦隆班布托斯分区室内养猪的体内寄生虫感染情况以及相关的蠕虫控制措施。因此，从50个小规模农场采集了324头猪的粪便，对其进行寄生虫卵、囊肿或卵囊的定性和定量检测。还收集了蠕虫控制措施的数据。总体感染率为74.7%（95%置信区间（CI）：69.6 - 79.3%），每克粪便的虫卵/卵囊平均数量（epg/opg）为304.1±1218.0。发现了以下寄生虫：圆线虫寄生虫（58.6%；epg = 105.0±134.7）；球虫（26.9%；opg = 517.2±1862.1）；（25.9%；epg = 61.9±40.8）；（3.7%；epg = 50±0）；sp（0.9%；epg = 50±0）；（0.9%；epg = 50±0）；以及（0.62%；epg = 50±0）。出现了单重至七重感染。大多数养殖户求助于现代兽医服务（64%），且大多使用传统药物（88%）。体内寄生虫感染与动物健康负责人、农场预防计划的实施以及年度驱虫频率有关。实施预防计划显著降低了总体虫卵/卵囊负荷，而高治疗频率（每年三次以上）则没有，这表明该国猪群必须加强如一般卫生等预防措施，并尽可能降低治疗频率以防止产生抗驱虫药的能力。
